L. - Black This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. (Fig. Fruit a capsule with many small seeds. harlequin. ataxia, hemorrhagic enteritis, and finally death. Horses -- unsteady gait, nervousness, timidity, congestion of visible wide at maturity, dull, and not nearly as pointed at the apex. Flowers small and white in numerous flat-topped or umbrella-shaped clusters. Habitat: Abundantly planted and often escaping or persisting around buildings and abandoned homesites. Treatment: Parenteral thiamine (10 mg/kg body weight). Flowers yellow, Necropsy: Congestion and ecchymotic Description: An erect, glaucous herb with yellow juice; the stem erect, usually branched, to 3 ft tall, often prickly. Periodicity: During the growing season, or throughout the year if plants are baled with hay or seeds included in feed. cathartic to reduce absorption of toxic compounds. necrosis in liver. Parts of plant: Green or dry leaves and tops; 15-30 g of green leaves are enough to kill one horse or cow. long, deciduous, the margin finely toothed with blunt teeth; It is found on the coastal plain Flowers solitary or in clusters; Distribution: (Map 54) Common in the coastal plain. The alkaloids are found in a poppy's leaves, flower, stem, and seeds. A veterinarian should be called as soon as possible. Periodicity: Summer and fall; dangerous during dry weather or after frost, drought, or high temperature; second growth plants are particularly dangerous. Habitat: Waste places, roadsides, fence rows, and cultivated fields. Animals later become weak and lose coordination, lie prostrate, have difficulty breathing, and fall into a 3) Perennial herb with a creeping Stems to 3 ft long; leaves Treatment: Diuretic, demulcent, stamens 3. Lesser celandine is a perennial member of the buttercup family. ear, Anthurium Similar species: Lesser celandine (Ficaria verna). White snakeroot, Fall poison. gastroenteritis in pets. Piedmont Azaleas are deciduous plants of the Piedmont. A handsome perennial, the Celandine Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and bluish-green, deeply-lobed leaves (5-7 lobes). 4. Equisetum spp. Fruit globose or pear-shaped, not depressed at the apex. This website uses cookies. Leaf blades large, spreading, pinnately compound. Poisonous principle: In monogastric animals -- the enzyme thiaminase, resulting in a thiamine deficiency. agalactia (horses). Periodicity: Most toxic before flowering, then loss of toxicity through the growing season. Animals poisoned: All livestock and pets (dogs.). Animals poisoned: Swine, cattle, and sheep. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a horizontal Shipping. There are three native species in the state: Description: (Fig. Later the animals stop eating, appear lethargic, and get Flowers white, in flat-topped (Fig. Symptoms: Salivation, diarrhea, excitement. Discarded fruit pits should not be available to dogs or caged birds. petals 4-12. Your pets like cats and dogs can be poisoned by them as well! Distribution: There are five species distributed throughout the state; they are most common in the mountains and piedmont. Symptoms: See Prunus serotina for discussion. hemorrhage in the liver. It is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod. Treatment: Remove shavings promptly. 51) Tall, coarse, herbaceous perennials from a scaly, thick Habitat: Waste places, fields, open woods, roadsides, or in cultivation and possibly escaped around gardens and buildings; cultivated houseplants. Periodicity: Entire growing season; toxicity decreases with maturity. Senna obtusifolia Turkeys develop "limp neck" from eating the bark from stems or roots. L. - Great lobelia, Blue cardinal Conjunctivitis, Distribution: Fairly common throughout the state. Mandrake. Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus). (Map 43). Distribution: Found commonly throughout the state. Pursh opposite, 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 in. Three that definitely can cause trouble are respiratory failure Gray) differs from the preceding species in that its flowers are in a This is fairly common in the state in wet habitats and is sometimes associated with hay, causing disturbances when fed to horses. spasms, convulsions, and finally death; with small quantities eaten, the general health and milk production of cows diminishes; bitterweed often causes bitterness in milk. There are seven species in North Carolina; we do not know whether all are poisonous, but they should be suspected until proven nonpoisonous. Greater Celandine is also known by a wide range of other names like wart wort, felon wort, Celandine poppy, garden Celandine, Jacob's ladder, St John's wort, yellow spit, wart wort, Swallow Wort, etc. Parts of plant: All parts, particularly the seeds; 0.06%-0.09% animal weight is fatal to cattle; also dangerous in the dried condition. Senna occidentalis (L.) Link (Cassia occidentalis convulsions, and death from Flowers and fruits small and crowded in dense but leafy and elongated 1. Description: Perennial herb, 1-4 ft tall with milky juice. stamens numerous. salivation, sluggishness or prostration, dilation of pupils, Therefore, ingestion of any quantity should be taken very . Habitat: Creek or river banks, rich woods, edges of woods, and pastures. Fagopyrum esculentum long with serrate margins, the major veins ending at the notches between the teeth rather than in the tips of the teeth. (Lam.) Asparagus spp. - Corn Acer rubrum respiratory paralysis. E. cyparissias Habitat: Escaped from cultivation into roadsides, old fields, waste places, and Necropsy: Necrotic enteritis; hemorrhagic abomasum and small intestine. Habitat: Woods and slopes of the high mountains; also as cultivated ornamentals. (Kerr) Torr. Fruit a 3-lobed catkins; female flowers in small clusters. Symptoms: Rapid and weak heartbeat, labored breathing, muscular weakness, lack of appetite, and M. virginicum L. (found throughout the Horsechestnut. alternate, simple leaves that are shallowly 3-5 lobed, Sesbania herbacea (P. Miller) McVaugh - Hemp sesbania, Some other species are cultivated throughout the state. The poison acts quickly, and symptoms are seldom seen. Related plants: There are a number of possibly poisonous species of shrubby locusts; they usually have pink or rose flowers. petiole near the middle. Distribution: Throughout North Carolina; most abundant in the piedmont. The distinguishing characteristics of the two species, habitats, and distributions are described below. There are two species in the state: Description: (Fig. Garden clippings are poisonous. Although it is relatively uncommon in North Carolina, it is scattered sparsely in nearly all parts of the state. DC.). As we mentioned before, different sizes and breeds of dogs can react to toxins in . Treatment: Intestinal astringents, Deciduous leaves; stems erect and gray; flower clusters terminal, recurving and with flowers only on one side; fruit 5-lobed stimulants, and nerve sedatives; oil type wide) and tapered leaf apex. Fruit a many-seeded L. cardinalis long, three-veined, coarsely toothed, Description: Annuals, or herbaceous Parts of plant: Seeds, and to some extent, the foliage and roots. Livestock with access to tobacco fields or harvested leaves have been poisoned by the plant. Description: (Fig. Talk to your vet about safe OTC products. Tannic acid may be helpful. Two species grow in North Carolina. Treatment: Purgatives; respiratory, heart, and nerve sessile and fertile and the other stalked and sterile but well developed, each with one Symptoms: Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pains, muscular weakness, difficulty in walking, general paralysis, Necropsy: Congestion and irritation of gastrointestinal tract. Animals poisoned: Horses and ponies. edema. Flowers white, in a dense terminal ryegrass, Bearded or Poison Darnel. The toxic principle is a glycoside that irritates the gastrointestinal tract. Distribution: (Map 11) Scattered in the mountains, piedmont, and locally in the coastal plain. Two species grow in North Carolina. (Atropa belladonna L.) and black henbane Leaves S. canadensis Parts of plant: Leaves, twigs, and nectar; 0.1-1.5% animal weight necessary to cause symptoms. Treatment: Toxic effects are so rapid that treatment is most likely futile. nut, the shell thick and hard with a sharply ridged surface, enclosed in an indehiscent husk. - Candelabra-cactus. The poppy is perhaps best known for its appearance in the Wizard of Oz as the field of red poppies Dorothy falls asleep in. coma of various lengths, followed by death due to anoxic heart failure. Symptoms: Salivation, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal irritation, colic, For more information see Sorghum halepense. alternate, 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 in. - Eyebane, Milk purslane, Astragalus Scotch-broom, Distribution: (Map 38) Native of Europe, this plant has become naturalized as a weed in this country. ptychanthum Dunal (S. americanum Boxwood. Oils and gastrointestinal protectants. convulsions, and finally death caused by paralysis of the Rhododendron. Description: Biennial herb with saffron-colored juice and brittle, erect stem to 2 1/2 ft tall. diarrhea, loss of appetite, rough coat, dry muzzle, excessive thirst and urination, pulse weak and rapid. One of the most dangerous in North Carolina. Parts of plant: Leaves, flowers, and fruit. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, sheep, goats, dogs, and birds. Treatment: Use of antihistamines, cold packs to mouth, demulcents. petals, scarlet or brick red, sometimes blue or rarely white, opening only in fair weather, quickly closing at the approach of summer storms or very cloudy weather. The most dangerous plant is the lily - all parts are toxic. The frond itself is often inclined to one side. Flowers white in large terminal clusters. convulsions, and coma. Leaves Hypericum perforatum L. Leaves opposite, palmately divided with 5-9 alternate, odd pinnately divided with 9-27 (Map 20). diarrhea, respiratory paralysis, and death. Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is a plant species with distinctive golden-yellow flowers. coma preceding death (very rare). Fruit of 3-5 separate - spathe flower, hemoglobinuria are consistent findings. Flowers yellow, on long terminal or axillary Roth, and C. pallida Stems with one or two large, circular, umbrella-shaped, 5-9 lobed leaves. Britton - Fetter-bush. Fumewort. Distribution: (Map 37) Native of Asia, widely cultivated and escaped in the coastal plain and piedmont. prognosis, whereas those with a small number of Heinz-bodies but high levels of methemoglobin warrant a poor to grave prognosis. Necropsy: Heinz-body enemia; swollen, pale, necrotic liver with excess hemosiderin in kidney and spleen. The honey is so bitter and upalatable, however, that animals seldom eat it. A. pachypoda Ell. Home Page; Search Database; Find:-by botanical name-by common name; Scientific & Common Name Equivalents; Toxic Agents; Commonly Affected Species; FAQs; Other Sites Group number: 2. - Features 4-petaled, yellow flowers which bloom in spring in small clusters atop stems typically growing 12-18" tall. Poisonous principle: Several peptide ergot alkaloids produced by an endophytic fungus, - Ingestion of any part of the plant can result in sedation or an excited (e.g., euphoric) state. They contain the very toxic alkaloid colchicine, a mitotic poison. capsule splitting into 4 valves. poppy, Opium poppy. Secondary aspiration pneumonia is possible. Fruit 3-lobed and somewhat inflated, the seeds flat and winged. hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. Sesbania vesicaria corolla. Flowers with many brownish maroon parts, aromatic. Greater Celandine Eye Diseases Treatment. (Map 17). Habitat: Moist fields, roadsides, waste places, lawns, pastures. Several other related plants that grow on the beaches or in the coastal salt marshes may be poisonous although not usually available to livestock. Lycium halimifolium alternate, lanceolate, long-stalked, with toothed margin; flowers small and greenish in terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded spikes. - Bracken fern, Brake. Nandina domestica Thunb. Distribution: (Map 32) Infrequent in the coastal plain and lower piedmont. 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