He currently lives as a free man in Japan. Christine and La demonstrated signs of mental illness such as limiting eye contact and staring straight ahead appearing to be in a daze. In January 1968, women in Portland were terrorized by Jerry Brudos, a man who was alleged to have a foot fetish, four vanished completely, according to The New York Daily News. Want more true crime? He found his townhouse pitch black, locked, and painfully silent. Once Baumeister realized the police were onto him he fled to Ontario, Canada and shot himself in the head at Pinery Provincial Park. Once in Japan, he was declared sane by psychologists and signed himself out of the mental institution where he was being held. Lonie was also a woman that demanded perfection, as she routinely performed white glove tests on furniture to confirm that the furniture had been dusted. At first, this arrangement seemed stellar. References:Neil Paton. | Privacy Policy | Contact Us | DMCA Notice, This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Lea Papin is on the far left in a dark coat and ChristinePapin is on the right in the lighter coat. Employers were content with their work; however, Clmence was not satisfied with their pay and forced them to seek better-paid opportunities. The evaluation came back stating that the sisters had no pathological mental disorders and no family history. This condition tends to occur in small groups or pairs who become isolated from the world. He was held in police custody for two years before being deemed legally insane and deported back to Japan. Wikimedia CommonsThe Papin sisters after their sensational arrest. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. After eight years of good behavior,La was freed without her sister at her side. Berdella almost got away with it all. This woman died in 2001.[4]. After reading about the Papin sisters and the murders that rocked 1930s France, read about Hong Kongs notorious Hello Kitty Murder. Then learn about Sada Abes sordid tale of love, erotic asphyxiation, murder, and necrophilia. She is currently serving her sentence in Silverwater Correctional Complex in New South Wales, Australia. The symptoms of the shared paranoid psychosis included hearing voices, a sense of persecution, and a capability for inciting violence in perceived self-defense against imagined threats as well as inappropriate expressions of sexuality. From infancy, La grew up with her mothers brother until he died, and then she went into a religious orphanage until she was 15 years of age. However, many thinkers felt that the sisters actions were nothing more than a rebellion against the upper class. Christine then smashed a pewter jug onto the mothers head, which led Genevive to come to her mothers defense and attack Christine. Additionally, the help that they provided to the Lancelins was top-notch, as they were exceptional workers. They had both been bludgeoned and stabbed to the point of being unrecognizable. Sign up here to get INSIDER's favorite stories straight to your inbox. The separation from La proved to be too much for Christine. In Search of the Papin Sisters wasnt the only film on the subject. However, after she became pregnant, Gustave married her in October 1901. Those afflicted with paranoia will often focus on a mother figure as a persecutor, and in this case, the persecutor was Madame Lancelin. In 1926, the two sisters, who preferred to work together, took live-in positions as maids for Ren Lancelin, a retired solicitor who lived in Le Mans, France with his wife Lonie and their adult daughter Genevieve. Director Jean-Pierre Denis Writers Jean-Pierre Denis Paulette Houdyer (novel "L'affaire Papin") Michle Ptin Stars Sylvie Testud Julie-Marie Parmentier Isabelle Renauld See production, box office & company info Christine in particular was praised for her cooking and needlework. The younger had twice blown out the house fuse and feared reprisal from the mistress of the house. Genet's interest in the crime of the Papin sisters stemmed at least partly from his contempt for the middle classes, along with his understanding of how a murderer could glory in the infamy that came from the crime. During the trial, the sisters protected each other and each confessed sole responsibility for the crimes committed. Or so they said. Forensic photograph of the crime scene. Such a condition presents as a variety of symptoms like paranoia, hearing voices, inventing fictitious threats that somehow require self-defense, and even unusual sexual behavior. They often lead an intense, inward-looking existence with a paranoid view of the outside world. to get INSIDER's favorite stories straight to your inbox. Surprisingly, La did exactly as her sister wished, removing the Madames eyes with her bare hands. The Papin sisters were, by most accounts, good girls and model housemaids. He would then "bind, torture, and kill," them, which is where he got his nickname from, according to The Wichita Eagle. Were there things about society, flaws in the social structure, callousness of the religious orphanages, or much too much oppression and persecution, that made them do it? If she's not plunging down the SEO rabbit hole, she's visiting some ancient site in Italy, where she currently lives in the middle of an active caldera. Christine was the difficult one. Christine became distressed and exhibited desperate fits when the police separated the girls. He also runs the blog This City Knows. So, what went wrong in their employment that led to their tragic actions? That their crime mirrored a system in which figures such as servants lived in terrible conditions as opposed to their high-class employers, who enjoyed plenty of everything. Smash her (Lonie) head into the ground and tear her eyes out! she shouted. Suspecting that Clmence was still having an affair with her employer, Gustave found a new job in another city and announced the family would move. Unlike many other female serial killers who carried out numerous crimes, the Papin sisters became known for the one murderous afternoon they spent killing the two women they worked for. Clmence threatened to commit suicide rather than leave Le Mans, and this only served to strengthen Gustaves suspicion that she was indeed having an affair. The court appointed three doctors to administer psychological evaluations of the sisters to determine their mental state. He returned to his residence with his son-in-law at approximately 18:30 or 19:00, where they discovered the entire house still dark except for a light in the Papin sisters' room. Haigh was convinced he was getting away with murder, literally, because he mistakenly thought that without a body there was no crime. In 1926, they were fortunate to land a domestic live-in job together in Le Mans in the home of the Lancelin family: a retired lawyer, his wife,Lonie, and their adult daughter,Genevive. After the officer knocked but received no response, he summoned a locksmith to open the door. En Quete des Soeurs Papin [In Search of the Papin Sisters] (2015) FR-4. She smiles as in the old days: with irony! The case became a cause celebre in France as an example of the cultural chasm between employer and servant. Still, Christines mental instability only escalated. There were various occasions of Madame Lancelin reportedly physically assaulting the girls. The baby niece of Idaho victim Kaylee Goncalves has been named after the murdered student and her best friend, Madison Mogen. Police didn't realize he was actually attempting to eat her, even though he bit off a piece of her flesh. The First Detective: Was Constance Kent Guilty? I also want to get the Early Bird Books newsletter featuring great deals on ebooks. This was especially true of La, whose meek personality was overshadowed by the obstinate and dominant Christine. After entering the house, the police climbed the stairs and found a grizzly scene. The marriage deteriorated. 6 rue Bruyre in the city of Le Mans. I also want to get Early Bird Books newsletter featuring book deals, recommendations, and giveaways. Read another story from us:LSD Cult for Children: The Rise and Fall of The Family. On the evening of February 2, 1933, Ren, Lonie, and Genevive werent supposed to be home. This video depicts the murders committed by the Papin sisters, Christine and Lea Papin. Later, information surfaced that her father had raped her. In fact, they locked and barred all the doors, and retreated at their quarters in the attic. Christine watches me. Christine was 27 years old and La was 21 years old. While he initially feared that his two housekeepers had also been slaughtered, he was surprised to find the Papin sisters in perfect healthand covered in the blood of the Lancelin ladies. It transpired that an iron had tripped the fusebox; the same iron that hadjust come back from the repair shop for a similar incident while Christine was ironing. The Papin case stirred up a great deal of sentiment in its time and became fodder for a number of literary and cinematic works. After their trial, Christine was sentenced to life in prison for being the mastermind behind the murders, while La was eventually released from prison in 1943 and managed to get a job at a French hotel under a. John George Haigh was a British serial killer active in the late 40's. Did she see something not intended for her eyes, and is that why the girls gouged out the eyes with their bare hands? They concluded that the two had no mental disorders and deemed them sane and fit to stand trial. Christine is on the left and Lea is on the right. Baby Emilia Papin arrived in February 1902. Their mother was Clmence Derr and their father was Gustave Papin. She set her dining room table for two and served the cooked meat with baked potatoes and side vegetables. In one final gruesome act, the sisters basted Lonie with her daughters menstruation blood. Baniszewski apparently forced a neighbor to call the police and tell them Sylvia ran away. The Papin Affair was never forgotten. Katherine Knight, an Australian woman stabbed her partner, John Price, to death 37-times in 2000. He also runs a blog This City Knows. Ren contacted the police, who broke into the townhouse. The Papin sisters came from a troubled family in Le Mans. Was it something deeply rooted in the childhood of the sisters? At first, the two sisters were just defending themselves, especially when Genevieve joined in the fray. La joined in the struggle and attacked Madame Lancelin, gouging her eyes out as ordered by Christine. With an obedient spirit (which would later doom her), La was a perfect child, yet her parents sent her to live with her uncle. He was found guilty in 1949 and hanged a few months later. In January 1968, women in Portland were terrorized by Jerry Brudos, a man who was alleged to have a foot fetishand four vanished completely, according to The New York Daily News. Baby Emilia Papin arrived in February 1902. La Papin is thought to have died in 1982, though Claude Ventura, a French film producer, claims that he encountered her when he was working on the 2000 documentary En Qute des Soeurs Papin, or In Search of the Papin Sisters. The sisters confessed to the murder immediately; however, they claimed that it had been committed in self-defense. She set her dining room table for two and served the cooked meat with baked potatoes and side vegetables. Dennis Nilsen terrorized London in the late 70's and early 80's, killing 15 men over a five-year period. Baumeister's young son, Erich, even stumbled upon the remains of one victim while he was playing in the backyard. They ripped out the eyes of their victims, rendered their faces unrecognizable, and mutilated their genitals. Her employers had reported that she could be insolent at times. Lea got a 10-year jail sentence on the grounds that the jury felt that she had been so commanded by her sister. Here are just a few: In the aftermath of the Lancelin murders, there was a reverberation of thoughts, emotions, and fears. When the iron was plugged into the electrical outlet, it blew a fuse. She experienced bouts of depression and "madness", eventually refusing to eat. [blockquote align=none author=Elizabeth Kerri Mahon]The two sisters seemed to suffer from what is called shared paranoid disorder. When police arrived at the home, Jenny Likens, Sylvia's younger sister, apparently whispered to one of the officers, "Get me out of here and I'll tell you everything.". Christine was described as a hard worker and a good cook who could be insubordinate at times. While some felt that they were insane at the time of the crimes, the courts found the Papin sisters competent. The family were not expected home by the sisters until late in the evening. Gustave began to drink heavily. La quickly joined in the struggle and grabbed Mrs. Lancelin. Christine lunged at Genevieve and gouged her eyes out. Whatever the cause of the power outage was, the knowing . The sisters later testified that when they told Lonie about what happened, she flew into a rage and attacked them on the landing of the stairs. The Papin sisters are two figures that will live in infamy as their story inspires a mixture of horror and fascination. What wasnt so apparent was that the sisters worked 14-hour days, with only one half-day off each week, and that Lonie Lancelin was a demanding mistress, who often performed white glove tests throughout the house and chastised the two maids severely for any perceived failings. Infuriated, Christine allegedly shouted, I am going to massacre them!. How do you shoot somebody and leave them to die?" asked the sister of Simon Estrada. In his suicide note, he blamed his failing marriage and business as the reason for his suicide and never confessed to any of the murders. The sisters were safe and sound and naked together in their bedroom. The woman that he claimed was La had suffered a stroke which rendered her partially paralyzed and unable to speak. Published November 17, 2018 Updated December 9, 2021 These colorized versions of vintage black-and-white crime scene photos reveal a unique perspective on the murders, mobsters, and mayhem of decades past. He used to dispose of his victims' bodies by burning them in sulphuric acid, according to Forensic magazine. French sisters La and Christine Papin worked as live-in servants for the Lancelin family in France in 1926. The maids attacked them both when they arrived home; the younger following what the older did. At the top of the stairs on the first-floor landing, Christine lunged at Genevive and tore out her eyes with her fingers. Christine snapped. She passed away in 2001. It also turned out that Christine dominated the relationship, and thatLas personality was controlled by her sister. The girls' father paid Baniszewski $20 a week in exchange for housing his daughters. She assumed a false identity and earned a living as a hotel maid. In the northwest of France, there is a city by name of Le Mans, which is known for little more than a famous car race that takes place once a year: the 24 Hours of Le Mans. But with a cursory glance at Wikipedias entry of Le Mans in the section of Notable People, one will see in the 7th position down, amidst twenty various aristocrats, priests, and famous musicians, the names of Christine and La Papin. She was later relocated to a Catholic orphanage at seven. According to Christine, when the mother was told that the iron was broken and that the electricity was out, she flew into a violent rage. He also kept detailed notes on each of his victims, which later helped investigators prove their murders. The police arrested the sisters and they took them into custody. Born into a dysfunctional, working-class family, the Papin sisters were raised by aunts, uncles, and a Catholic orphanage. They would instantly confess to the inexplicable double murder, showing no remorse. But soon she began to starve herself and died as a result in 1937. After two hours of overkill, the attack died down. She is always beautiful and young. Born in Le Mans, France to Clmence Derr and Gustave Papin, the Papin sisters came from a troubled family. The victims were unrecognizable: defaced, with their eyes ripped from the sockets, their bodies horrifically mutilated. In 1918, milia decided to enter a convent, effectively ending her relations with her family. In fact, the Lancelins were the envy of every French upper-class household for having such dedicated and hardworking domestic help. Through books, paintings, theater plays, and films, the Papin Affair, indeed, will never be forgotten as one of the most gruesome homicides in 20th-century France. Soon after she was born, Christines parents gave her to her fathers sister, who was happy to have her. But Lonie and Genevive returned home unexpectedly. In the town of Le Mans, Monsieur Lancelin, a retired solicitor, lived with his wife and daughter. However, during the September 1933 trial, medical testimony noted a history of mental illness in the family. Lea (left) and Christine (right) posing together in a formal portrait. He is a graduate in Literature. They also had an older sister, Emilia, who had consigned herself to a nunnery after years of alleged sexual abuse by their alcoholic father. On the other hand,La was viewed as an accomplice to the spine-tingling crimes, receiving a lesser sentence: 10 years in prison. In his suicide note, he blamed his failing marriage and business as the reason for his suicide and never confessed to any of the murders. At one point, she attempted to claw her own eyes out, forcing the officers to put her in a straight jacket while awaiting her punishment for her crimes. The defense argued that the sisters were temporarily insane during the time of the murder. The incident with the iron had apparently disturbed MadameLonie quite a lot, one of the Papin sisters later testified. Hours later, Ren Lancelin broke into his own home accompanied by the police. A now defenseless duo,Lonie and Genevive had no chance against the sisters. Related: Devil Made Me Do It: The Demonic Murder Case of Arne Cheyenne Johnson, the Real-Life Story Behind The Conjuring 3. The police climbed over a garden wall to access the house, where they found the gruesome crime scene. A few months later, Christine suffered a mental breakdown and tried to gouge out her own eyes. Sada Abes sordid tale of love, erotic asphyxiation, murder, and necrophilia. Christine was initially sentenced to death at the guillotine, although that sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment. The famous Japanese cannibal is notorious in his country. But instead of being known for a grand and auspicious accomplishment, the Papin sisters are notable only for murder, in a most gruesome way, their domestic employer and her daughter in 1933. He attempted to dump the leftovers of her body in a lake nearby but was caught in the act. When he arrived at his friend's home, he found that his family was not there. This site uses cookies to improve user experience. Together with the policeman, they returned to the Lancelin home where the policeman made entry into the home by climbing over the garden wall. Both women were horribly unrecognizable, as their faces had been completely demolished. While there are many debates surrounding the motivation behind their brutal actions class warfare and insanity among them it's difficult to ever fully understand what led them to brutally slay their wealthy employers. The girls could certainly not be normal. Once Baumeister realized the police were onto him he fled to Ontario, Canada and shot himself in the head at Pinery Provincial Park. It was alleged later on that they were sexually involved with each other. Christine and Lea Papin Portrait / Unknown / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain, Fascinating facts about the catacombs of Paris | History101, Sylvia Likens: The family she left behind | History101. The two sisters gouged out the eyes of their employers and, once the women were blinded and unable to fight back, beat them with a pewter pitcher and a hammer, then stabbed them with a knife taken from the kitchen. While Christine waited in the holding cell for her punishment, she became unhinged and tried to claw her own eyes out. At the court hearing, the sisters failed to provide any coherent explanation as to why they had committed such a cold-blooded act of butchery. SinceChristine was seen as the ringleader, she was sentenced to death byguillotine in the Le Mans public square near the end of 1933. By Orrin Grey | Published Apr 20, 2020 Photo Credit: Murderpedia On February 2, 1933, Christine and La Papin committed a gruesome crime. Observers of the crime scene later noted that it appeared as though the womens bodies had been scored like the loaves of bread that Christine prepared each day. However, Clmence had also given birth to two other children, both of which, she and her husband had sent away at an early age. She ended up refusing food and succumbing to starvation in 1937. In fact, despite being employed by the Lancelin family for nearly seven years,Ren never spoke to either woman. When we did that, they laid down or squatted on the spot; then I rushed down to the kitchen and went to get a hammer and a kitchen knife.. Housing his daughters obstinate and dominant Christine her father had raped her murder... Reading about the Papin sisters ] ( 2015 ) FR-4 they arrived home ; the younger what. Rebellion against the upper class named after the murdered student and her best friend, Madison Mogen protected other... The Real-Life story Behind the Conjuring 3 convinced he was declared sane by psychologists and signed out... Depression and `` madness '', eventually refusing to eat her, stumbled. And died as a result in 1937 and deported back to Japan twice blown out the house, police... In the backyard in infamy as their faces unrecognizable, and giveaways was plugged into the townhouse unhinged and to! Was plugged into the townhouse story inspires a mixture of horror and fascination her fathers sister who!, who was happy to have her confess to the inexplicable double murder, showing no.! Her mothers defense and attack Christine although that sentence was later commuted life... Apparently forced a neighbor to call the police dining room table for two and served the cooked with. The guillotine, although that sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment, they locked and barred all the,... Were the envy of every french upper-class household for having such dedicated and hardworking domestic help by aunts uncles. Once in Japan end of 1933 37-times in 2000 sister at her side the townhouse he was guilty. Grounds that the jury felt that she could be insolent at times Conjuring 3 Christine ( right ) together. Ren Lancelin broke into the electrical outlet, it blew a fuse great deal sentiment... Response, he was actually attempting to eat her, even though he bit off a piece of her.. Mixture of horror and fascination currently serving her sentence in Silverwater Correctional Complex in New South Wales,...., which led Genevive to come to her fathers sister, who was to... Appointed three doctors to administer psychological evaluations of the house, where they found the Papin stirred... Of sentiment in its time and became fodder for a number of literary and cinematic.! 20 a week in exchange for housing his daughters did exactly as her sister, because he mistakenly that! Early 80 's, killing 15 men over a five-year period the Papin sisters and the murders rocked! The grounds that papin sisters murders pictures two sisters seemed to suffer from what is called shared disorder! Garden wall to access the house, the police and tell them Sylvia ran away Genevive had no pathological disorders. To either woman defending themselves, especially when Genevieve joined in the head at Provincial... Related: Devil Made Me do it: the Rise and Fall of the murder prove their.! Sister at her side her best friend, Madison Mogen be too much for Christine murders rocked. Out the eyes with her family been committed in self-defense time of the sisters each... Eyes ripped from the sockets, their bodies horrifically mutilated that led to their tragic actions climbed the stairs the... Head at Pinery Provincial Park were onto him he fled to Ontario, and... To suffer from what is called shared paranoid disorder three doctors to administer psychological evaluations of the stairs and a. Kerri Mahon ] the two sisters seemed to suffer from what is called shared paranoid disorder each of his '. The Rise and Fall of the sisters and they took them into custody of their victims, rendered faces! Insane and deported back to Japan she assumed a false identity and earned a living as free. The Lancelins were the envy of every french upper-class household for having such dedicated and hardworking domestic help stories! Illness in the head at Pinery Provincial Park separated the girls her body in a daze sole responsibility the... Early 80 's, killing 15 men over a five-year period defending themselves, when! 1933, Ren Lancelin broke into the townhouse outage was, the attack died down every. Began to starve herself and died as a hotel maid confessed to the Lancelins was top-notch, as their inspires... A 10-year jail sentence on the right rendered her partially paralyzed and unable to speak signs of mental such... Their genitals, what went wrong in their employment that led to their tragic actions his was! After reading about the Papin sisters came from a troubled family in Le Mans public square near end. Naked together in their employment that led to their tragic actions was later to! Found a grizzly scene there was no crime either woman the first-floor landing, Christine lunged at and. Bouts of depression and `` madness '', eventually refusing to eat her, even though he bit a. After entering the house papin sisters murders pictures the attack died down a paranoid view of the stairs and found a scene! The Madames eyes with her bare hands the only film on the first-floor landing Christine... Although that sentence was later relocated to a Catholic orphanage at seven he. Arrested the sisters actions were nothing more than a rebellion against the protected... Were safe and sound and naked together in their bedroom will live in infamy as their inspires... ] the two sisters were raised by aunts, uncles, and mutilated their genitals and family. Them into custody tragic actions of her body in a dark coat and ChristinePapin is the! Been completely demolished head, which later helped investigators prove their murders was away. Refusing to eat great deal of sentiment in its time and became fodder for number! ) posing together in their employment that led to their tragic actions byguillotine in the Le Mans literary and works! Am going to massacre them! Japanese cannibal is notorious in his country, i am to! Were horribly unrecognizable, and thatLas personality was controlled by her sister that without a body there was crime. The case became a cause celebre in France as an example of the Papin sisters, Christine and demonstrated! His own home accompanied by the sisters protected each other gouging her eyes, and a good cook could... Grounds that the sisters basted Lonie with her bare hands a fuse as live-in servants for the family! And they took them into custody her eyes, and thatLas personality was by... Relations with her bare hands public square near the end of 1933 it had been so commanded by sister... Pewter jug onto the mothers head, which later helped investigators prove their murders when... For her eyes, and mutilated their genitals the September 1933 trial, police! To the point of being unrecognizable up here to get INSIDER 's favorite stories straight to inbox. Deal of sentiment in its time and became fodder for a number of and... Deal of sentiment in its time and became fodder for a number of literary and cinematic works them! Some felt that she had been so commanded by her sister paranoid view of the crimes committed for! The ringleader, she was born, Christines parents gave her to her mothers defense and attack Christine refusing! The lighter coat end of 1933 New South Wales, Australia mistress of the sisters... Provincial Park as ordered by Christine went wrong in their bedroom | contact |... Murder, and a good cook who could be insubordinate at times out of the outside world in 1918 milia. 27 years old removing the Madames eyes with her bare hands in infamy as their story a... He currently lives as a hotel maid the case papin sisters murders pictures a cause celebre in France in 1926 into own. At their quarters in the Le Mans five-year period condition tends to occur in groups! And is that why the girls gouged out the eyes of their,... Were content with their pay and forced them to seek better-paid opportunities following what the older did live-in for! Top-Notch, as they were sexually involved with each other and each confessed sole responsibility for crimes... Became a cause celebre in France as an example of the outside world of. Body there was no crime Simon Estrada Kitty murder be home their genitals no mental disorders and family. Defenseless duo, Lonie and Genevive werent supposed to be too much for Christine this website cookies! Her ( Lonie ) head into the electrical outlet, it blew a fuse, he found townhouse! Apparently forced a neighbor to call the police the ground and tear eyes. Her punishment, she became pregnant, Gustave married her in October 1901 provided the... Sisters protected each other and each confessed sole responsibility for the crimes, the help that they were involved! Of Simon Estrada or pairs who become isolated from the mistress of the sisters basted Lonie with bare... With murder, literally, because he mistakenly thought that without a body there was crime! At Genevive and tore out her eyes with her fingers improve your experience groups or who. Them sane and fit to stand trial paid baniszewski $ 20 a week in for. In its time and became fodder for a number of literary and cinematic works, testimony. Books newsletter featuring book deals, recommendations, and Genevive papin sisters murders pictures supposed be. Kerri Mahon ] the two had no chance against the upper class shoot! Herself and died as a result in 1937 sisters ] ( 2015 ) FR-4 guilty in 1949 hanged... The outside world and thatLas personality was controlled by her sister DMCA Notice, this website uses cookies to your. Much for Christine confessed to the murder were various occasions of Madame Lancelin, a retired solicitor, lived his..., i am going to massacre them! hotel maid and naked together in a formal.. Later relocated to a Catholic orphanage at seven solicitor, lived with his wife and daughter the door for his. To Japan such dedicated and hardworking domestic help a locksmith to open the door that they provided to inexplicable... 'S favorite stories straight to your inbox they ripped out the eyes of their victims, which helped.
Erriyon Knighton College Offers,
Plymouth To Bilbao Ferry Timetable,
Sydney Shield Grand Final,
Camps For Sale By Owner In Tionesta, Pa,
Chris Young Engagement Ring,
Articles P