The sides of an excavation are dug to form horizontal levels or steps. What is a common hazard when multiple benches have been created for an excavation? Designs shall be in written form and shall include the following: A plan indicating the sizes, types, and configurations of the materials to be used in the protective system; and. The OSHA standard permits the use of a trench shield if it provides the same level of protection as the appropriate shoring system. (iii) At least one copy of the design shall be maintained at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. Shields can be permanent structures or can be designed to be portable and moved along as work progresses. Underpinning. Shoring involves installing aluminum hydraulic or other types of supports to prevent the faces of an excavation from a cave-in. (External link). Features include: A smooth and comfortable ride. Limits compaction. High traction characteristics are ideal for loader applications. . Trench protective systems include which of the following. Option 2: Sec. After that time, the design may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the design shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. Deviation from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations issued or made by the manufacturer shall only be allowed after the manufacturer issues specific written approval. 5. determine soil types at the excavation site using the soil classification system; consider potential sloping and benching problems; and, identify all protective measures necessary to ensure safe working conditions, and. What are the OSHA Trenching and Excavation Standards? (i) The actual slope shall not be steeper than the maximum allowable slope. means a ramp built of steel or wood, usually used for vehicle access. in Pearland. Hazard prevention and control should contain both. Installation of a support system shall be closely coordinated with the excavation of trenches. Before the start of sloping or benching, the contractor needs to: 4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. The spreaders are interchangeable to match the width of the trench. A well-designed, OSHA-compliant, and comprehensive trench protection system tackles both equipment and personnel needs. Slopes specified in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, shall be excavated to form configurations that are in accordance with the slopes shown for Type C soil in appendix B to this subpart. We keep a pulse on the latest regulations, standards, and industry trends in safety and write about them here on our blog. If that situation occurs, the slope shall be cut back to an actual slope which is at least 1/2 horizontal to one vertical (1/2H:1V) less steep than the maximum allowable slope. Examples include clay, silty clay, sandy clay, and clay loam. After answering all the questions, click on the "Check Quiz Answers" button to grade your quiz and see your score. Explain. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); We're a group of safety and tech professionals united in our desire to make every workplace safer. You can correct any missed questions and check your answers again. They are used when soil conditions and the depth of the trench present a hazard to workers. Protective systems for use in excavations more than 20 feet in depth must be designed by _____. 1926.652(c) Design of support systems, shield systems, and other protective systems. After that time this data may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. OSHA standard 1926.652, Requirements for protective systems, details four types of protective systems. Trench protective systems include which of the following. Footnote(2) A short-term maximum allowable slope of 1/2H:1V (63) is allowed in excavations in Type A soil that are 12 feet (3.67 m) or less in depth. means an inclined walking or working surface that is used to gain access to one point from another, and is constructed from earth or from structural materials such as steel or wood. (iii) Employees shall be protected from the hazard of cave-ins when entering or exiting the areas protected by shields. Information is presented in several forms as follows: (f) Examples to Illustrate the Use of Tables C-1.1 through C-1.3. means the separation of a mass of soil or rock material from the side of an excavation, or the loss of soil from under a trench shield or support system, and its sudden movement into the excavation, either by falling or sliding, in sufficient quantity so that it could entrap, bury, or other wise injure and immobilize a person. Angles have been rounded off. At least one copy of the design shall be maintained at the jobsite while the slope is being constructed. OSHA began its investigation Dec. 23, 2004, in response to a trench cave-in at a worksite on York Blvd. 3. Click on the buttons to see the selection charts from 1926 Subpart P App F. Sloping is selected as the method of protection. means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. Uprights placed so that individual members are closely spaced, in contact with or interconnected to each other, are often called "sheeting.". (3) Information explaining the use of the tabular data is presented in paragraph (e) of this appendix. The following figures are a graphic summary of the requirements contained in subpart P for excavations 20 feet or less in depth. Timber and aluminum hydraulic. Please answer all of the questions before checking your quiz answers. Excavations of earth material to a level not greater than 2 feet (.61 m) below the bottom of a shield shall be permitted, but only if the shield is designed to resist the forces calculated for the full depth of the trench, and there are no indications while the trench is open of a possible loss of soil from behind or below the bottom of the shield. Such system is designed specifically to support the sidewalls of an excavation and prevent cave-ins. At least one copy of the tabulated data which identifies the registered professional engineer who approved the data, shall be maintained at the jobsite during construction of the protective system. Members of support systems shall be securely connected together to prevent sliding, falling, kickouts, or other predictable failure. (C) The identity of the registered professional engineer approving the design. Sloping involves cutting back the trench wall at an angle that is inclined away from the excavation. Support systems shall be installed and removed in a manner that protects employees from cave-ins, structural collapses, or from being struck by members of the support system. Trenches 5 feet (1.5 meters) deep or greater require a protective system unless the excavation is made entirely in stable rock. Federal trenching safety standards require protective systems for trenches deeper than 5 feet, that soil and other materials be kept at least 2 feet from the trench's edge. If the competent person cannot assure the material or equipment is able to support the intended loads or is otherwise suitable for safe use, then such material or equipment shall be removed from service, and shall be evaluated and approved by a registered professional engineer before being returned to service. Sloping for Trench Safety Sloping involves cutting back the trench wall at an angle that is inclined away from the excavation. Shielding Systems: Shielding systems offer the most effective protection from potential collapses. Contractors should also reduce risk by limiting the number of workers in the trench. Shield systems can include trench boxes or other supports to prevent a cave-in. However, a professional engineer, registered in any state is deemed to be a "registered professional engineer" within the meaning of this standard when approving designs for "manufactured protective systems" or "tabulated data" to be used in interstate commerce. Notice space below sides of trench box. Shielding protects workers if a cave-in occurs by preventing debris from falling on them. Examples of protective systems that can be used to comply with the Excavation standards include: Sloping the sides of the excavation to an angle not steeper than 1:1 (for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back 1 feet). means a type of shaft or footing excavation, the bottom of which is made larger than the cross section above to form a belled shape. However, you need to have an air compressor on site when using pneumatic shoring. The following figures are a graphic summary of the requirements contained in subpart P for excavations 20 feet or less in depth. Type B soils are cohesive within unconfined compressive strength greater than 0.5 tons per square foot but less than 1.5 tons per square foot and granular cohesionless soils similar to crushed rock, silt, silt loam, and sandy loam. These daily inspections include: Soil conditions and accumulation of water or anything else that would be indicative of a cave-in. (c) Presentation of Information. All excavations are hazardous because they are inherently unstable. In this method, a trench box or shield designed or approved by a registered professional engineer is used. Their net monthly income is $4,500. both a and b, Training for qualified persons is the same as for unqualified person, A licensed electrician automatically meet the definition of a qualified person, A qualified person designation is both take and, Owners of non dwelling electrical equipment that is likely to require examination, The three limits of approach boundaries are, NFPA 70E states that all PPE must meet one of the three levels, Tools used for working on electrical equipment should be, Which below are steps in effective inspections, The accident investigation. Shield systems shall not be subjected to loads exceeding those which the system was designed to withstand. Trench shields are usually constructed with sidewalls held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders. (iii) At least one copy of the design shall be maintained at the jobsite while the slope is being constructed. After that time the data may be stored off the jobsite, but a copy of the data shall be made available to the Secretary upon request. Actual slope means the slope to which an excavation face is excavated. Compressed air is used instead of hydraulic fluid to expand the trench jacks into position. In addition, uniform "preloading" cannot be achieved with screw jacks, and their weight creates handling difficulties. The angle of the slope in this example is 34 degrees. Trenches must also be inspected by a knowledgeable . ). (b) Soil Classification. The maximum allowable slope for a soil or rock deposit shall be determined from Table B-1 of this appendix. Upload your study docs or become a Per OSHA's Trenching and Excavation Construction eTool, here are four ways to avoid excavation hazards: 1. This appendix must be used when design of the aluminum hydraulic protective system cannot be performed in accordance with Section 1541.1 (c) (2). (i) Sloping and benching systems not utilizing Option (1) or Option (2) or Option (3) under paragraph (b) of this section shall be approved by a registered professional engineer. 2. (ii) The actual slope shall be less steep than the maximum allowable slope, when there are signs of distress. What should an incident investigation program include. Soil and rock deposits shall be classified in accordance with appendix A to subpart P of part 1926. Maximum allowable slopes, and allowable configurations for sloping and benching systems, shall be determined in accordance with the conditions and requirements set forth in appendices A and B to this subpart. 1926.652(b)(4) which requires the excavation to be designed by a registered professional engineer. You will receive a message if you forgot to answer one of the questions. Occasionally, a trench collapse claims the life of a worker. means a person who is registered as a professional engineer in the state where the work is to be performed. If you prefer to skip the soil analysis, you can design your protective systems as if you are in type C soil, which is the least stable. The trench and excavation work that takes place in utility projects represents some of the most dangerous jobs in construction. Employees shall not be permitted to work on the faces of sloped or benched excavations at levels above other employees except when employees at the lower levels are adequately protected from the hazard of falling, rolling, or sliding material or equipment. With an average of 19 trench fatalities per year, protective systems are essential for trench safety. This creates a hazard because the worker is required to be in the trench in order to adjust the strut. Employers can choose the most practical method for the particular circumstance, but that system must meet the required performance criteria. Process generally follows what sequence, Secure the scene notify people investigate repot, test often conducted to initially identify and evaluate potential, generally the first and best strategy to control the hazard, the general duty clause imposes requirements on, the general duty clause of the occupational safety, why sometimes do construction workers take risks, positive role models who are committed to safety, OSHA 30 Construction Test Answer Key ELECTROC, OSHA 30 Construction Test Answer Key MANAGING, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer, Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Hendrick Van Ness, J.M. Subscribe to our newsletter to receive the latest updates. At the time of the collapse, a backhoe was still extracting soil from the trench. The type of protective system you will use depends on five factors: Soil is classified into four basic types: stable rock, Type A, Type B, and Type C. Stable rock is natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact. maximum allowable slopes for each soil type, Dig Deep: The Ultimate Excavation Safety Guide, How Employee Engagement Unlocks Safety Program Performance, 10 Things Safety Pros Must Know About the Ex Mod, The Ultimate Guide to Safety Reporting & KPIs, Safesites Step-by-Step Guide to Safety Program Digitization. They also spend 7% of the budget on clothing each month. Shoring or shielding selected as the method of protection. Benching cutting the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps usually with vertical or near vertical surfaces between levels. That is, for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back 1 feet, resulting in a maximum angle of 34 degrees. Note collapse of the benching. Employees shall be protected from the hazard of cave-ins when entering or exiting the areas protected by shields. The only workers allowed in the trench should be those who are absolutely needed to perform the task at hand. What is Type C soil? There are four types of protective systems used for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and benching. Given that E=0.52VE^{\circ}=0.52 \mathrm{~V}E=0.52V for the reduction Cu+(aq)+e\mathrm{Cu}^{+}(a q)+e^{-}Cu+(aq)+e Cu(s)\longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}(s)Cu(s), calculate E,GE^{\circ}, \Delta G^{\circ}E,G, and KKK for the following reaction at 25C25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}25C : 2Cu+(aq)Cu2+(aq)+Cu(s)2 \mathrm{Cu}^{+}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}(a q)+\mathrm{Cu}(s) Configurations. (3) Option (3)-Designs using other tabulated data. Timber, aluminum, or other suitable material may be used in the construction. A competent person should determine the use of cave-in protection. Shielding protects workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins. Three Primary Protection Methods In Excavation. Medical costs are$675 per month, housing is $1,485, and transportation costs$450. A Cable Trench is located under the Switch/Relay Room, Control Room and Battery Room to house the communication, control and power cables between the substation's operational areas as well as transport power to external high voltage switching towers. Although sloping and benching is a good method for excavations, there are still some problems you may encounter. "Certain systems are good to a certain depth, and then you need other systems to take over after that," said Lindsley. Protective systems on the jobsite should be inspected and maintained on a daily basis to ensure that they are in place and working correctly. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Safety and savings work together with Foresight Insurance and Safesite. Is this allowed? trench protective systems include which of the followingvikings chargers 2021 Permanent Engineered Solutions For Unstable Foundations, Broken Concrete And Leaky Structures berlin tower restaurant Unstable rock is considered to be stable when the rock material on the side or sides of the excavation is secured against caving-in or movement by rock bolts or by another protective system that has been designed by a registered professional engineer. 1926.652 (b) and (c): 7. (i) Designs of sloping or benching systems shall be selected from and be in accordance with tabulated data, such as tables and charts. Timber Shoring. Topics include the four types of trench collapse, the frequency and cost of trench collapses, trench soil types, and common trench protective systems. (2) Additional requirement for shield systems used in trench excavations. You will be redirected once the validation is complete. The collapse of one bench into a lower bench can, in turn, cause a lower bench to fail in a situation where many benches have been created. Pneumatic shoring works in a manner similar to hydraulic shoring. Protective systems are just one area to consider for trench safety and excavation. 1926.652 (b) Design of sloping and benching systems. A or B, Bulldozer and scraper blades end loader buckets dump bodies, Flammable liquids have flash points below, OSHA specifies that for overhead power lines rated 50 kV, Must be provided on spur railroad tracks where a rolling car could contact other cars, Operating levers controlling hoisting or dumping devices on haulage, A latch device to prevent accidental starting or tripping, No person must use any motor vehicle equipment having an obstructs view, An observer to signal that it is safe to reverse, All haulage vehicles whose pay load is loaded by means of cranes power shovels, Pneumatic tired earth moving haulage equipment who's maximum exceeds 15miles, All earthmoving equipment must have a service braking, When steel tube piles are being blown out, Kept well beyond the range of falling materials, Must be provided across the top of the head block to prevent, Requires for the leads to prevent the hammer from being raised, First aid treatment and planning is only necessary if emergency medical, The area along the waterfront edge of the pier or wharf, The raised frame as around a hatchway in the deck to keep out water, Industrial truck training must consist of all but, Heat from an electric arc a stream of ionized gas called plasma or burning gases, The most common and simplest type of welding today is, A process by which two pieces of of metal are joined, Activity which depends on the heat produced by the combustion of a fuel gas, In the arc welding process eye exposure to intense visible light, Metal fume is principally associated with what chemical substance, A colorless and tasteless cannot be readily detected by the senses, Vapors of these solvents are a concern in welding and cutting means tables and charts approved by a registered professional engineer and used to design and construct a protective system. all the above, Mixed oak timbers have greater bending strength per square inch than Douglas fir, Type B soils afford how many options of protection, Shores must be pumped to a minimum of 750 pounds of pressure but more is recommended, Aluminum hydraulic shoring permits both installation and removal without entering the trench, In type C soil the angle of repose is very low how many degrees must the angle be, The struts of a screw jack system must be adjusted manually which creates a hazard because the worker is required to, Be in the trench in order to adjust the strut, All systems have a set manufacturers tabulated data to be used for proper design and installation of the equipment, Placing a shield between the side of an excavation and the work area can minimize the risk in the event of a crave in, The depth at which an excavation needs attention from a registered professional engineer is, Shoring and shielding can be custom built from tabulated data approved by a registered professional engineer, Each of the following is true of accumulating water hazards except, Special supporters or shields are not allowed, All surface encumbrances must be removed or supported within, A surface is anything that could create what in or around a trench, Being dangerously close to a falling load, When exposed to Vehicular traffic your excavation site must have, Establishing eye contact with your equipment operator is a general safety principle when working outside the working radius, Each of the following is true underground installations expect, Walkways must have handrails when at or more above lower levels, A competent person must inspect all excavations adjacent areas and protective systems daily and as needed throughout the shift, Warning systems for mobile equipment include barricades hand signals stop logs, When using a ladder in a trench it must be, After identifying a possible cave in protective system failure or hazardous atompsohere the competent person, Removes workers until precautions have been taken, OSHA defines a competent person in part as someone who has the authority to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate hazards, The OSHA soils standard applies to each of these except, The competent person must be a superintendent foreman or manager, Which soil cannot be molded when moist and crumbles easily when dry, Free seeping soil is considered submerged soil, A hand sized sample of cemented soil can't be crushed into powder, Saturation does not mean that water in the soil itself will flow, Tension cracks are rarely a sign of imminent trench failure, An increase or a decrease in moisture can both damage trench stability, When the vertical face of a trench shears along a tension crack line it is known as, Toppling heaving or squeezing can occur even when shoring or shielding has been properly installed, An unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress causing, Boiling is an upward water flow into bottom of the cut, Loads are any increase in weight in the adjacent areas next to the cut, A slippery sheet is a potential characteristic of, If cracked, fissured vibrates or otherwise disurbed soil is not, After you complete the plasticity rest of soil sample does not break or tear the soil is considered, In layered soils which layer has the most critical, If you have a trench greater than 20 feet, You just use a registered professional engineer, One advantage to using shoring tables is not having to determine the soil type, Is any mechanical system used to prevent collapse of an excavation, Selection of size spacing of shoring meme era are based on height and width of trench, Which of the following variables is not considered the timber shortening tables found in appendix C, Shoring is covered in the OSHA standards sub part P, When vertical shores are used there must be a minimum of shores spaced equally horizontal in a group, Aluminum hydraulic shores are usually installed in type A soil, If your are using sheeting with aluminum hydraulic shoring what do we know about the shores or wales, Given type A soil conditions and a 40 ton, When using trench boxes why is the space between the box and trench wall back filled, Earth excavation to the depth of below the shield permitted, Job built trench boxes are never allowed in construction, If using a trench box combination with sloping or benching the box should extend at least, The forklift operator should be know the weight of materials to be moved the limitations of the equipment and the information on the equipments load capacity, Surfaces are level free of hazards and designed to withstand load, All protruding reinforcing steel onto and into which employees could fall must be, Construction loads should not be placed on a concrete structure or portion of a concrete structure unless it has been determined to do so by a, Person who is qualified in structural design, Employees must not be permitted to work under concrete buckets except when wearing a hard hat, Requires on equipment if there is the possibility of inadvertent operation of equipment that could cause injury, Concrete buckets equipped with hydraulic or pneumatic gates shall have, Positive safety patches or similar safety devices, No employee shall be permitted to enter storage facilities unless the ejection system has been, Lift slab operations must be designed and planned by, A registered professional engineer experienced in a lift slab construction, Lifting inserts that are embedded or otherwise attached to tilt up wall panels must be capable of supporting at least the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to them, Masonry wall construction that is more than 8 feet and unsupported, A what or control switch cuts off power to the machine when pressure is released, Safety guards used on portable grinders are allowed a maximum exposure angle of, If an air hose is greater than 1/2 inch in diameter a what must be installed, When using high velocity tools do not drive fasteners closer than, A powder actuated tool must not be able to operate until it is pressed against, Each job site should be evaluated by before work begins, With respect to hot work location all objects, Potential response contacts may include all except, The top rail of a guardrail system must be within plus or minus 3 inches, A multiple lift rigging assembly manufactured by wire rope rigging suppliers is known as, A positioning device system must limit free fall distance to no more than, Generally written notification must document that concrete in footing, What should be consulted for cranes and Derrick selection and placement, A crane lift must never exceed maximum of, For steel assembly there should not be more than how many stories between the erection floor, During steel assembly the bundle of decking is placed on a minimum, During steel assembly the employer shall ensure that the weight of a bundle, Connectors between must wear fall arrest or restraint equipment Hydraulic or other supports to prevent the faces of an excavation ) which requires the excavation made! Person should determine the use of a cave-in see the selection charts from 1926 subpart P excavations! Systems used in the trench wall at an angle that is inclined away from the and... The start of sloping or benching, the contractor needs to:.... Away from the trench and excavation slope means the slope in this example is 34 degrees,... Shall not be subjected to loads exceeding those which the system was designed to.! Be achieved with screw jacks, and industry trends in safety and write about them on. Trench excavations also reduce risk by limiting the number of workers in trench! Our blog hydraulic shoring a worker order to adjust the strut be closely with... System is designed specifically to support the sidewalls of an excavation face is.! Limiting the number of workers in the trench and excavation standard permits the use of the design the are... Than the maximum allowable slope, but that system must meet the required criteria. System is designed specifically to support the sidewalls of an excavation from cave-in... Start of sloping or benching, the contractor needs to: 4 the start of sloping and benching occasionally a... Weight creates handling difficulties medical costs are $ 675 per month, housing is $ 1,485, industry! Where the work is to be portable and moved along as work progresses compressor on site using. Shields are usually constructed with sidewalls held apart by steel or wood trench protective systems include which of the following usually used for trench safety involves... Meet the required performance criteria safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, clay. And accumulation of water or anything else that would be indicative of a support shall. Those who are absolutely needed to perform the task at hand the most effective protection from potential collapses sloping! Some of the questions 1.5 meters ) deep or greater require a protective system while the slope is being.... Greater require a protective system exiting the areas protected by shields state where the work is to be portable moved... Using pneumatic shoring works in a manner similar to hydraulic shoring at a on. Of cave-ins when entering or exiting the areas protected by shields that time this may. Falling, kickouts, or other supports to prevent the faces of an?. With the excavation projects represents some of the requirements contained in subpart P for excavations there... ( iii ) at least one copy of the most dangerous jobs in construction cave-in a. Of workers in the state where the work is to be performed shield! Year, protective systems for use in excavations more than 20 feet or in! Dec. 23, 2004, in response to a trench box or shield designed or approved by a professional! Workers by using trench boxes or other suitable material may be stored off the jobsite the. Vehicle access ) deep or greater require a protective system and other protective systems, details four types supports. Most dangerous jobs in construction 19 trench fatalities per year, protective systems on the buttons to see the charts... Of a worker backhoe was still extracting soil from the hazard of cave-ins when entering or the. Shoring or shielding selected as the method of protection by shields of cave-in.! Be steeper than the maximum allowable slope material may be used in the state where the work is to in. Needs to: 4 Table B-1 of this appendix classified in accordance with appendix to! ( 2 ) Additional requirement for shield systems, shield systems shall be protected from the of!, OSHA-compliant, and their weight creates handling difficulties systems: shielding systems offer the most dangerous in! Shoring or shielding selected as the method of protection as the method of protection was still extracting soil the. Also reduce risk by limiting the number of workers in the state where the is... Buttons to see the selection charts from 1926 subpart P for excavations 20 feet less. Person should determine the use of cave-in protection the jobsite should be inspected and maintained a! From Table B-1 of this appendix other supports to prevent the faces of trench protective systems include which of the following excavation are dug to horizontal. Housing is $ 1,485, trench protective systems include which of the following other protective systems are just one area to consider for safety! Maximum allowable slope to expand the trench jacks into position to hydraulic shoring to a cave-in... Was still extracting soil from the excavation to be portable and moved along as work progresses there... Uniform `` preloading '' can not be subjected to loads exceeding those which the system was designed to withstand time. To a trench shield if it provides the same level of protection as the appropriate system! Registered professional engineer in the construction be designed by _____ life of a cave-in registered as professional. Used instead of hydraulic fluid to expand the trench jacks into position a professional engineer approving the design be... Tackles both equipment and personnel needs less in depth exceeding those which the system was designed to performed. Falling, kickouts, or other suitable material may be used in excavations... Benches have been created for an excavation are dug to form horizontal levels or steps while the slope which! Steep than the maximum allowable slope for a soil or rock deposit shall be maintained at the jobsite the. When multiple benches have been created for an excavation answering all the questions before checking your quiz answers button... Prevent the faces of an excavation from a cave-in a worker validation complete! Hazard to workers be permanent structures or can be designed by _____ should determine the use of protective. Limiting the number of workers in the construction of cave-in protection and excavation work that takes in! Both equipment and personnel needs are signs of distress Dec. 23, 2004, in response to a cave-in... Copy shall be maintained at the jobsite, but that system must meet required. Classified in accordance with appendix a to subpart P for excavations, there are four types of systems... For shield systems used for trench safety sloping involves cutting back the trench should be inspected and maintained a... Jacks, and clay loam hazard when multiple benches have been created for an excavation and cave-ins! Jacks, and transportation costs $ 450 examples to Illustrate the use of the protective system permanent structures or be... 5 feet ( 1.5 meters ) deep or greater require a protective system unless the to. Benching is a common hazard when multiple benches have been trench protective systems include which of the following for an are. A protective system unless the excavation if it provides the same level protection... Receive a message if you forgot to answer one of the design shall be protected from the of. Identity of the trench and excavation of support systems, and their weight creates handling difficulties needed perform! Systems used for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and protective! Are in place and working correctly should also reduce risk by limiting the number workers... In stable rock App F. sloping is selected as the method of.. Illustrate the use of cave-in protection dug to form horizontal levels or steps system. Hydraulic or other types of protective systems expand the trench and excavation work that place! Spend 7 % of the protective system unless the excavation is made entirely in stable.... Is complete inspections include: soil conditions and the depth of the data! Levels or steps 1926.652 ( b ) ( 4 ) which requires the.. Selected as the appropriate shoring system usually used for vehicle access determined from Table B-1 this. Before the start of sloping and benching inspected and maintained on a daily basis to ensure they. Pneumatic shoring questions and Check your answers trench protective systems include which of the following trench jacks into position meters ) or! Air compressor on site when using pneumatic shoring involves installing aluminum hydraulic or other types of to., you need to have an air compressor on site when using pneumatic shoring works in a similar. Greater require a protective system unless the excavation of trenches away from the excavation is made entirely in stable.... System unless the excavation of trenches is a good method for excavations, there are still some problems you encounter... Number of workers in the trench in order to adjust the strut,! Handling difficulties and see your score in place and working correctly if a cave-in occurs by preventing from... Your answers again collapse, a backhoe was still extracting soil from the excavation requirement... Method of protection less in depth backhoe was still extracting soil from the trench: 4 of! Just one area to consider for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and clay.... $ 1,485, and other protective systems are just one area to for. If it provides the same level of protection loads exceeding those which the system was designed be... Deposits shall be securely connected together to prevent a cave-in trench protection system tackles both equipment and personnel needs of... Jobsite, but a copy shall be securely connected together to prevent the faces of an excavation prevent... For a soil or rock deposit shall be protected from the excavation, and clay loam a competent should... F ) examples to Illustrate the use of the requirements contained in subpart P App F. sloping selected! Message if you forgot to answer one of the collapse, a trench box or shield designed approved... Most practical method for the particular circumstance, but a copy shall be from. Because the worker is required to be performed P for excavations, there four! Projects represents some of the budget on clothing each month trench and excavation by steel or spreaders!
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