As used in Title LVII of the Revised Code: (A) "Real property," "realty," and "land" include land itself, whether laid out in town lots or otherwise, all growing crops, including deciduous and evergreen trees, plants, and shrubs, with all things contained therein, and, unless otherwise specified in this section or section 5701.03 of the Revised Code, all buildings, structures, improvements . A majority of the members of the commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may adjourn from time to time. (I) Any person who has not been licensed as a real estate salesperson or broker within a four-year period immediately preceding the person's current application for the salesperson's examination shall have successfully completed the prelicensure instruction required by division (F)(6) of this section within a ten-year period immediately preceding the person's current application for the salesperson's examination. See external resource links for more information. (ii) The interest earned on property management trust accounts maintained in the name of the property owner or the broker shall be payable to the property owner unless otherwise specified in a written contract. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, a licensee owes no further duty to a client after performance of all duties or after any contract has terminated or expired, except for both of the following: (A) Providing the client with an accounting of all moneys and property relating to the transaction; (B) Keeping confidential all information received during the course of the transaction unless: (2) Disclosure is required by law or by court order; (3) The information becomes public from a source other than the licensee; (4) The information is necessary to prevent a crime the client intends to commit; (5) Disclosure is necessary to defend the brokerage or its licensees against an accusation of wrongful conduct or to establish or defend a claim that a commission is owed on a transaction; (6) Disclosure is regarding sales information requested by a real estate appraiser assistant registered under Chapter 4763. of the Revised Code or a real estate appraiser licensed or certified under Chapter 4763. of the Revised Code for the purposes of performing an appraisal. (F) If a real estate broker desires to become a member or officer of a partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation that is or intends to become a licensed real estate broker, the broker shall notify the superintendent of the broker's intentions. The proof shall be submitted in the manner provided by the superintendent. (4) The broker verifies that the affiliated licensee complies with divisions (C)(1) and (2) of this section and keeps a record of this verification for a period of three years after the date of verification. The failure of a broker to return the license of a real estate salesperson or broker who leaves or who is terminated, via certified mail return receipt requested, within three business days of the receipt of a written request from the superintendent for the return of the license, is prima-facie evidence of misconduct under division (A)(6) of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code. The acknowledgment to the complainant and the notice to the licensee shall state that an informal mediation meeting will be held with the complainant, the licensee, and an investigator from the investigation and audit section of the division if the complainant and licensee both file a request for such a meeting within ten business days thereafter on a form provided by the superintendent. The Supreme Court of Ohio ruled yesterday in Evanich v Bridge (Slip Opinion No. Please complete the Request for Compliance Letter form.The easement is a real property interest, but separate from the legal . The licensee shall submit proper documentation of active duty service and the length of that active duty service to the superintendent. 2008-Ohio-3820) that subjective intent of one party to acquire property of another is not required to prevail on an adverse possession claim; rather, the claimant must show by clear and convincing evidence that he possessed the disputed property and treated it as his own for a period of 21 years. Real Estate Law; Workers Compensation; COVID-19; News Article . (28) Having failed to put definite expiration dates in all written agency agreements to which the broker is a party; (29) Having an unsatisfied final judgment or lien in any court of record against the licensee arising out of the licensee's conduct as a licensed broker or salesperson; (30) Failing to render promptly upon demand a full and complete statement of the expenditures by the broker or salesperson of funds advanced by or on behalf of a party to a real estate transaction to the broker or salesperson for the purpose of performing duties as a licensee under this chapter in conjunction with the real estate transaction; (31) Failure within a reasonable time, after the receipt of the commission by the broker, to render an accounting to and pay a real estate salesperson the salesperson's earned share of it; (32) Performing any service for another constituting the practice of law, as determined by any court of law; (33) Having been adjudicated incompetent for the purpose of holding the license by a court, as provided in section 5122.301 of the Revised Code. (F) The superintendent shall suspend automatically a licensee's license if the licensee fails to comply with division (E) of this section. (C) No salesperson or broker licensed under this chapter shall participate in a dual agency relationship in which the licensee is a party to the transaction, either personally or as an officer or member of a partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation that has an interest in the real property that is the subject of the transaction or an entity that has an intention of purchasing, leasing, or exchanging the real property. (D) No cause of action shall arise on behalf of any person against a licensee in a dual agency relationship for making disclosures to the parties that are permitted or required by this chapter or that have been made on the agency disclosure statement. (D) If any licensee is cited three times under this section within twelve consecutive months, the superintendent shall initiate disciplinary action pursuant to section 4735.051 of the Revised Code for any subsequent violation that occurs within the same twelve-month period. The commission shall report to the general assembly on the third Tuesday after the third Monday in January of each year setting forth the total amount contained in the fund and the amount of each research grant that it has authorized and the amount of each research grant requested. (G)(1) Successful completion of the instruction required by division (F)(6) of this section shall be determined by the law in effect on the date the instruction was completed. The rules shall specify that: (i) Brokerages engaged in the management of property for another may, pursuant to a written contract with the property owner, exercise signatory authority for withdrawals from property management accounts maintained in the name of the property owner. (B) A licensee does not breach any duty or obligation to a seller with whom the licensee has an agency relationship by showing alternative properties to a prospective purchaser or by acting as an agent or subagent for other sellers. (Y) "Resigned" means the license status in which a license has been voluntarily and permanently surrendered to or is otherwise in the possession of the division of real estate and professional licensing, may not be renewed or reactivated in accordance with the requirements specified in this chapter or the rules adopted pursuant to it, and is not associated with a real estate broker. (A) Each license issued under this chapter, shall be valid without further recommendation or examination until it is placed in an inactive or resigned status, is revoked or suspended, or such license expires by operation of law. Code Section. At the request of the superintendent of real estate, the department of higher education may, in consultation with the division of real estate, perform a review of programs offered by an institution of higher education pursuant to division (B)(6)(a) or (b) of section 4735.07 and division (F)(6) of section 4735.09 of the Revised Code. No real estate salesperson or foreign real estate salesperson shall collect any money in connection with any real estate or foreign real estate brokerage transaction, whether as a commission, deposit, payment, rental, or otherwise, except in the name of and with the consent of the licensed real estate broker or licensed foreign real estate dealer under whom the salesperson is licensed at the time the sales person earned the commission. The initial licensing period commences at the time the license is issued and ends on the applicant's first birthday thereafter. If the applicant does not appear for the examination, the fee shall be forfeited and a new application and fee shall be filed, unless good cause for the failure to appear is shown to the superintendent. "Commercial real estate" does not include single-family residential units such as condominiums, townhouses, manufactured homes, or homes in a subdivision when sold, leased, or otherwise conveyed on a unit-by-unit basis, even when those units are a part of a larger building or parcel of real estate containing more than four residential units. Subject to division (E) of this section and section 4735.32 of the Revised Code, the Ohio real estate commission shall impose disciplinary sanctions upon any licensee who, whether or not acting in the licensee's capacity as a real estate broker or salesperson, or in handling the licensee's own property, is found to have been convicted of a felony or a crime of moral turpitude, and may impose disciplinary sanctions upon any licensee who, in the licensee's capacity as a real estate broker or salesperson, or in handling the licensee's own property, is found guilty of: (1) Knowingly making any misrepresentation; (2) Making any false promises with intent to influence, persuade, or induce; (3) A continued course of misrepresentation or the making of false promises through agents, salespersons, advertising, or otherwise; (4) Acting for more than one party in a transaction except as permitted by and in compliance with section 4735.71 of the Revised Code; (5) Failure within a reasonable time to account for or to remit any money coming into the licensee's possession which belongs to others; (6) Dishonest or illegal dealing, gross negligence, incompetency, or misconduct; (7)(a) By final adjudication by a court, a violation of any municipal or federal civil rights law relevant to the protection of purchasers or sellers of real estate or, by final adjudication by a court, any unlawful discriminatory practice pertaining to the purchase or sale of real estate prohibited by Chapter 4112. of the Revised Code, provided that such violation arose out of a situation wherein parties were engaged in bona fide efforts to purchase, sell, or lease real estate, in the licensee's practice as a licensed real estate broker or salesperson; (b) A second or subsequent violation of any unlawful discriminatory practice pertaining to the purchase or sale of real estate prohibited by Chapter 4112. of the Revised Code or any second or subsequent violation of municipal or federal civil rights laws relevant to purchasing or selling real estate whether or not there has been a final adjudication by a court, provided that such violation arose out of a situation wherein parties were engaged in bona fide efforts to purchase, sell, or lease real estate. (B) A fee of eighty-one dollars shall accompany the application, which fee includes the fee for the initial year of the licensing period, if a license is issued. The commission or the superintendent may make application to the appropriate court for an order enjoining the violation of section 4735.02 or 4735.25 of the Revised Code, and upon a showing by the commission or the superintendent that any person, firm, partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation has violated or is about to violate section 4735.02 or 4735.25 of the Revised Code, an injunction, restraining order, or such other order as may be appropriate shall be granted by such court. A neighbor, or their contractor, now has the right to enter upon up to ten feet of the adjoining property to construct and maintain a line fence. (8) Procuring a license under this chapter, for the licensee or any salesperson by fraud, misrepresentation, or deceit; (9) Having violated or failed to comply with any provision of sections 4735.51 to 4735.74 of the Revised Code or having willfully disregarded or violated any other provisions of this chapter; (10) As a real estate broker, having demanded, without reasonable cause, other than from a broker licensed under this chapter, a commission to which the licensee is not entitled, or, as a real estate salesperson, having demanded, without reasonable cause, a commission to which the licensee is not entitled; (11) Except as permitted under section 4735.20 of the Revised Code, having paid commissions or fees to, or divided commissions or fees with, anyone not licensed as a real estate broker or salesperson under this chapter or anyone not operating as an out-of-state commercial real estate broker or salesperson under section 4735.022 of the Revised Code; (12) Having falsely represented membership in any real estate professional association of which the licensee is not a member; (13) Having accepted, given, or charged any undisclosed commission, rebate, or direct profit on expenditures made for a principal; (14) Having offered anything of value other than the consideration recited in the sales contract as an inducement to a person to enter into a contract for the purchase or sale of real estate or having offered real estate or the improvements on real estate as a prize in a lottery or scheme of chance; (15) Having acted in the dual capacity of real estate broker and undisclosed principal, or real estate salesperson and undisclosed principal, in any transaction; (16) Having guaranteed, authorized, or permitted any person to guarantee future profits which may result from the resale of real property; (17) Having advertised or placed a sign on any property offering it for sale or for rent without the consent of the owner or the owner's authorized agent; (18) Having induced any party to a contract of sale or lease to break such contract for the purpose of substituting in lieu of it a new contract with another principal; (19) Having negotiated the sale, exchange, or lease of any real property directly with a seller, purchaser, lessor, or tenant knowing that such seller, purchaser, lessor, or tenant is represented by another broker under a written exclusive agency agreement, exclusive right to sell or lease listing agreement, or exclusive purchaser agency agreement with respect to such property except as provided for in section 4735.75 of the Revised Code; (20) Having offered real property for sale or for lease without the knowledge and consent of the owner or the owner's authorized agent, or on any terms other than those authorized by the owner or the owner's authorized agent; (21) Having published advertising, whether printed, radio, display, or of any other nature, which was misleading or inaccurate in any material particular, or in any way having misrepresented any properties, terms, values, policies, or services of the business conducted; (22) Having knowingly withheld from or inserted in any statement of account or invoice any statement that made it inaccurate in any material particular; (23) Having published or circulated unjustified or unwarranted threats of legal proceedings which tended to or had the effect of harassing competitors or intimidating their customers; (24) Having failed to keep complete and accurate records of all transactions for a period of three years from the date of the transaction, such records to include copies of listing forms, earnest money receipts, offers to purchase and acceptances of them, records of receipts and disbursements of all funds received by the licensee as broker and incident to the licensee's transactions as such, and records required pursuant to divisions (C)(4) and (5) of section 4735.20 of the Revised Code, and any other instruments or papers related to the performance of any of the acts set forth in the definition of a real estate broker; (25) Failure of a real estate broker or salesperson to furnish all parties involved in a real estate transaction true copies of all listings and other agreements to which they are a party, at the time each party signs them; (26) Failure to maintain at all times a special or trust bank account in a depository located in this state. (G) The commission shall decide whether to impose disciplinary sanctions upon a licensee for a violation of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code. Title 53 | Real Property: Title 55 | Roads-Highways-Bridges: Title 57 | Taxation: Title 58 | Trusts: Title 59 | Veterans-Military Affairs: Title 61 | Water Supply-Sanitation-Ditches: (E) If a party fails to pay a civil penalty assessed pursuant to this section within the time prescribed by the commission, the superintendent shall forward to the attorney general the name of the party and the amount of the civil penalty, for the purpose of collecting that civil penalty. (A) A broker who has the exclusive authority to represent a client under a written exclusive agency agreement, exclusive right to sell agreement, or exclusive purchaser agency agreement may authorize other licensees to negotiate directly with that client. (C) Nothing in this section shall be construed as permitting a licensee to perform any act or service that constitutes the practice of law. One dollar of each such fee shall be credited to the real estate education and research fund, except that for fees that are assessed only once every three years, one dollar and fifty cents of each triennial fee shall be credited to the real estate education and research fund. "Brokerage" includes the affiliated licensees who have been assigned management duties that include supervision of licensees whose duties may conflict with those of other affiliated licensees. (E) Any licensee who is a disabled licensee at any time during the last three months of the third year of the licensee's continuing education reporting period may receive an extension of time as deemed appropriate by the superintendent to submit proof to the superintendent that the licensee has satisfactorily completed the required thirty hours of continuing education. An applicant who has completed the requirements of division (B)(6) of this section at the time of application shall be examined no later than twelve months after the applicant is notified of admission to the examination. All applications of firms or corporations shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the resolution of the proper officers or managing board authorizing the proper officer to execute them. No such license shall be reactivated by the superintendent until it is established, to the satisfaction of the superintendent, that the requirements of this division have been met and that the licensee is in compliance with this chapter. The commission shall adopt reasonable rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to carry out the purposes of this paragraph. (27) Failure to maintain at all times a special or trust bank account in a depository in this state, to be used exclusively for the deposit and maintenance of all rents, security deposits, escrow funds, and other moneys received by the broker in a fiduciary capacity in the course of managing real property. (B) When an agency relationship is formed between a licensee and a client, all of the following also are considered the agent of that client: (1) The brokerage with whom the licensee is affiliated and, except as provided in division (C) of section 4735.70 of the Revised Code, the management level licensees in that brokerage who have direct supervisory duties over licensees; (2) Any licensee employed by, or affiliated with, the brokerage who receives confidential information from the agent of the client; (3) Any other licensee in the brokerage who assisted in establishing the agency relationship; (4) Any licensee in the brokerage who specifically is appointed with the client's consent to represent that client.
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