did wild bill hickok have childrenesta krakower death

When a seat opened up at the table, a drunk man named Jack McCall sat down to play. Doc Holliday did have a bad cough, as suggested in this episode, from his tuberculosis. Trachoma is often associated with poverty and poor hygiene that allows the bacteria to infect and re-infect eyes; if left untreated, it can cause blindness. He was later elected constable of Monticello Township in Johnson County, Kansas. Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. Before being called Wild Bill Hickok, his original name was James Butler Hickok. Was he shooting back? William Austin, the cemetery caretaker, estimated 500lb (230kg). August marks of the deaths of two of the Wild West's most famous figures: Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane. [69] In 1979, Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. It was at this time that Hickok came across a bear blocking a road, an encounter that would become part of the lore surrounding him: Hickok shot the bear, which only angered it, and a struggle ensued, during which Hickok used a knife to slit the bears throat, but not before he was nearly crushed to death. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. "The Custer-Hickok Shootout in Hays City. Most newspapers referred to him as William Haycock until 1869. After his release, McCall had lingered in Deadwood for a short while before heading to Wyoming. The glorification of Wild Bill Hickok began in Springfield, Mo., on July 21, 1865, when he killed gunman Dave Tutt. Writing in 1911, he detailed his admiration for Hickok and included a paragraph on the shooting that differs considerably from the reported account: "Phil" Coe was from Texas, ran the "Bull's Head" a saloon and gambling den, sold whiskey and men's souls. That winter, writer M.L. He is also remembered for the cards he was holding when he was shot dead a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights since known as the dead man's hand. The way Wild Bill conducted himself in his later years was a direct correlation for what he did when he was a young boy. Wild Bill Hickoks legend only grew further when other stories about his fighting prowess surfaced. Martha (her name wasnt even Jane) had several husbands and a daughter, Jessie, who died in Los Angeles in 1960. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. "Dead man's hand" was an established poker. On September 4, Hickok was wounded in the foot while rescuing several cattlemen in the Bijou Creek basin who had been surrounded by Indians. There the familys small farm served as a stop on the Underground Railroad. Hickok ran as an Independent; but lost to his deputy, Peter Lanihan, who ran as a Democrat. [1][2], James Butler Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Homer, Illinois, (present-day Troy Grove, Illinois) to William Alonzo Hickok, a farmer and abolitionist, and his wife, Polly Butler. This cemetery filled quickly, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of Hickok's original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok's remains to the new Mount Moriah Cemetery. Hickoks family emigrated from England in 1635 to Massachusetts, where his great-grandfather responded to the British march on Lexington and Concord at the beginning of the American Revolution. [40]:192, On July 17, 1870, Hickok was attacked by two troopers from the 7th U.S. Cavalry, Jeremiah Lonergan and John Kyle (sometimes spelled Kile),[42] in a saloon. There, again, he killed several men, including his deputy marshal, whose deaththe result of an accidental shootingled to Hickoks dismissal. As a result, calcium carbonate from the surrounding soil had replaced the flesh, leading to petrifaction. Unsurprisingly, the two gunslingers found much to relate to in . In 1869 Hickok became sheriff of Hays City, Kansas, where he killed several men in shootouts. McCanles reportedly threatened Wellman, and either Wellman or Hickok, who was hiding behind a curtain, killed McCanles. Now, she said, both Calamity Jane and another famed woman of the west, Belle Starr, were her aunts. [20], On July 12, 1861, David McCanles went to the Rock Creek Station office to demand an overdue property payment from Horace Wellman, the station manager. All About History is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. He was known as a gunfighter and gambler who fought in the Civil War and was a scout for Custer's Cavalry. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. One of the workers, Joseph McLintock, wrote a detailed description of the reinterment. Hickok is a playable character in the 2018 board game Deadwood 1876 by Faade Games. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, showman, and actor, and for his involvement in many famous gunfights. McCanles also acted as the stations manager before the company replaced him with Horace Wellman, and McCanles had reputedly ridiculed Hickok during his convalescence from his injuries. Wild Bill Hickok certainly was: The man born in 1837 to William Alonso and Polly Butler Hickok found his superpower, expert marksmanship, at a young age, and went on to have all sorts of adventures. Jesse James suffered from it. At Castle City, Montana in 1893, when Jane was running a restaurant, she had with her the daughter of one of her soldier friends in Texas who probably was Jessie. After in inquest where other incidents of Hickoks brand of frontier justice was revealed, he was relieved of his duties. Hickok was of English ancestry. He was released from the group after a few months. [3][4] James was the fourth of six children. By the end of the night most of the money had been spent, and Jane was roaring drunk. On July 21, 1865, the two men faced off in Springfield's town square, standing sideways before drawing and firing their weapons. According to Joseph G. Rosa, Hickok's biographer and the foremost authority on Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven men in gunfights. Calamity Jane is reputed to have led a mob that threatened McCall with lynching, but at the time of Hickok's death, Jane was actually being held by military authorities. Few could help her verify the truth, and Jean McCormick was of little help. Corrections? In 1876 in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, Hickok married Agnes Lake Thatcher, a former circus performer. [citation needed], Leander Richardson, a reporter, interviewed McCall shortly before his execution, and wrote an article about him for the April 1877 issue of Scribner's Monthly. As vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coe's hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the marshal. I will be. Since he was actually shot in the back of the head, that plot element is a complete artifice of the episode writers. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was exhumed, the noose was found still around his neck.[69]. ", DeMattos, Jack (1980). We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. [28] Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok's struck Tutt through the heart from about 75 yards (69m) away. Both of his parents loved each other very much and always remained together. Three years after Jack McCall shot Hickok in the back as he was playing cards in Deadwood, South Dakota, an 1879 story in the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Daily Leader noted that the pistols were made expressly . On October 5, 1871, Hickok was standing off a crowd during a street brawl when Coe fired two shots. 22nd August 2017 August 18, 1876, image 3", "Jack McCall Cowardly Killer of Wild Bill Hickok", "American Wonder Wild Bill Hickok Shot and Killed from Behind on This Day in History", Bozeman Avant Courier, December 22, 1876, image 1, testimony of George M. Shingle, "Riverboat captain 'carried' bullet that killed Hickok", "Jack McCall and the Murder of Wild Bill Hickok", "Wild Bill Hickok: Pistoleer, Peace Officer and Folk Hero", Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok's Colt Model 1851 Navys, "Wild Bill Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. [38], On September 1, 1868, Hickok was in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was hired as a scout by the 10th Cavalry Regiment, a segregated African-American unit. But thirty years had passed when she began making inquiries about Jane, whom she thought was her grandmother. Less than a month after Hickok's death, the trial was found to have no legal status because Deadwood was located in Indian Territory - McCall's acquittal was deemed invalid. and that Deft. [citation needed], From 1871 until his death in 1876, Hickok had vision problems. Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. Keith Bell Manchester, United Kingdom Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill Hickok. Wild Bill Hickok's Revolver James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok's (1837-1874) pair of ivory-handled revolvers were as legendary as he was. Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. For confirmation that Hickok was employed as a U.S. Army scout fighting Indians in Kansas in the summer of 1867, see Ames, George Augustus, Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, List of cultural depictions of Wild Bill Hickok, "How many men did Wild Bill Hickok actually kill? Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. McLintock used a cane to tap the body, face, and head, finding no soft tissue anywhere. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . Standing some 50 yards away from his subject, Hickok "without sighting his pistol and with his eye" rang off six shots, each of them hitting the direct center of the letter. The cards he was holding at the time a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights became known as "the dead man's hand.". Hardin was in town under his assumed name Wesley Clemmons, but was better known to the townspeople by the alias "Little Arkansas". Still, feeling he had escaped punishment, McCall began to brag to anyone that would listen that he had killed Wild Bill Hickok. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}10 Black Pioneers in Aviation Who Broke Barriers. Wild Bill Hickok is remembered for his services in Kansas as sheriff of Hays City and marshal of Abilene, where his ironhanded rule helped to tame two of the most lawless towns on the frontier. Im glad shes come [home from school] while youre here, Jane told Fox, fer I want you to see her. The hand of cards which he supposedly held at the time of his death has become known as the dead man's hand: two pairs; black aces and eights. She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. In another account of the Coe shootout: Theophilus Little, the mayor of Abilene and owner of the town's lumber yard, recorded his time in Abilene by writing in a notebook, which was ultimately given to the Abilene Historical Society. Tutt called out, "Boys, I'm killed", before he collapsed and died. [j] Utter supervised the move and noted that, while perfectly preserved, Hickok had been imperfectly embalmed. "[46] Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing". ", Hermon, Gregory (1987). [46]:pp.5456[47], In August 1871, Hickok sought to arrest Hardin for killing Charles Couger in an Abilene hotel "for snoring too loud". Wild Bill's brother, Oliver Cromwell Hickok married and fathered five children per: Search Results from User Submitted Genealogies (only as accurate as submitter). McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. [d] The jury voted to clear Hickok, resulting in public backlash and criticism of the verdict. McCall was found guilty and sentenced to death. Michelle Renes novel, Hour Glass, is a moving, revealing picture of the legendary Calamity Jane., A bar in Hays City, Kansas, on July 17, 1870. Hickok remained in Hays through August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be viewed by "excursionists". Hickok and Lanihan, however, remained sheriff and deputy, respectively. He was the fourth son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok. The son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok, he was by all accounts a master marksman from an early age. authorities, and after trial has been sentenced to death for willful murder. Wild Bill Hickok's proficiency with a pistol is well known, but there remains some confusion concerning how he used his weapons and which ones he actually used. In quick succession, Hickok was said to have then killed five members of McCanless gang and knocked out another before three more gang members threw him down on a bed, only to be bested in hand-to-hand combat by the knife-wielding Hickok. ", Nichols, George Ward (1867). While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The bullet emerged through his right cheek and struck another player, riverboat Captain William Massie, in the left wrist. The incident began when David McCanles, his brother William and several farmhands came to the station demanding payment for a property that had been bought from him. Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. He fought and spied for the Union Army during the American Civil War and gained publicity after the war as a scout, marksman, actor, and professional gambler. On July 21, 1865, in a shootout in Springfield, Missouri, he killed David Tutt, a skillful gunfighter who had been flaunting the watch he won from Hickok in a poker game. Several sources, including Jessie, verify the child was born on October 28. Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok's ear. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1979). Wild Bill Hickok was an American frontiersman, army scout and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. If James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok had an eye disease, present-day experts believe that, like many others of his time, he may have suffered from trachoma. Take that!" [26]:329 Hickok did not enjoy acting, and often hid behind scenery. Hickok had a large impact on American history because of his life and death. Tutt reached for his pistol but Hickok was the first to draw his weapon, and shot Tutt instantly, from approximately 75 yards. He is now at Yankton, D.T. The cards Hickok had been holding when he was shot and killeda pair of black aces and a pair of black eights plus an unknown fifth cardbecame known as the Dead Mans Hand.. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. Duck Bill and Shanghai Bill Deadwood was overrun with miners, gunmen, and gamblers when Hickok became a peace officer there in July 1876, relying as much on his reputation as on his diminishing gun skills, which were compromised by failing eyesight. In 1860, Hickok was badly injured by a bear, while driving a freight team from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. "[citation needed]. They arrived in Topeka on April 2. When Kyle's weapon misfired, Hickok shot Lonergan, wounding him in the knee, and shot Kyle twice, killing him. While at Castle City Jane went to Gilt Edge, some two hundred miles away, where she was jailed for being drunk. From there the ONeils took the pair to the family home in Richmond, Virginia, and ultimately raised the Jean in Liverpool, England. [23][b], After the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Hickok became a teamster for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri. The incident helped contribute to the overall failure of the show. They had ivory grips and nickel plating, and were ornately engraved with "J.B. Hickok1869" on the backstrap. "[55], On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. In any case, Hardin appeared to have thought highly of Hickok. Lancaster, California. [73], Hickok's favorite guns were a pair of Colt 1851 Navy Model (.36 caliber) cap-and-ball revolvers. The first major description of the incident appeared in Harpers New Monthly Magazine in February 1867, six years after the fact, written by Col. George Ward Nichols, who claimed to have been told the story by Hickok in 1865. Within a month of the birth, newspapers tracked her to a hurdy-gurdy house in Livingston. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. Many people knew that Jane had a "crush" on Hickok but few, if any, knew that they were married. By the end of 1861, he was a wagon master, but in September 1862, he was discharged for unknown reasons. Did Nick McGlashan have a family? "Wild Bill. During the next several years he appeared in Buffalo Bill Codys Wild West Show, living off his fame as the consummate gunfighter. In addition to many exploits she was known for being an acquaintance of Wild Bill Hickok.Late in her life, she appeared in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show and at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition.She is said to have exhibited compassion to others . Hickok's brother, Lorenzo Butler, traveled from Illinois to attend the retrial. Born in Homer (later called Troy Grove), Illinois, James Butler Hickok . Just as he pulled the trigger, one of the policemen rushed around the corner between Coe and the pistols and both balls entered his body, killing him instantly. Some said the two men fought over a card game, while others attributed the duel to competition for the attention of a woman named Susannah Moore. (If said child had actually existed, he or she was said to . He was holding two pairs: black aces and black eights (although there is some dispute as to the suit of one of the aces, diamond vs. spade) as his "up cards", which has since become widely known as the "dead man's hand". Hickoks growing reputation for fairness and courage earned him, in 1858, a position as a constable in Monticello, Kansas. A classmate later remembered the children teasing Jessie about her mother, throwing stones at her while shouting, Calamity Jane! [81], Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). [31], Several weeks later, an interview Hickok gave to Colonel George Ward Nichols, a journalist who subsequently became known as the creator of the Hickok legend,[32] was published in Harper's New Monthly Magazine. Thus began the reputation that When Jane arrived in Deadwood, South Dakota in 1895, she told others that she needed money to enrol Jessie in a convent school at Sturgis. [15] He grew a moustache following the McCanles incident, and in 1861 began calling himself "Wild Bill".[16][17]. He was involved in several notable shootouts during the course of his life. He drove freight wagons and coaches. Hickok was arrested for murder, tried, and acquitted. At Bridger, Montana, Jane moved in with a cowboy named Robert Dorsett. One account of him, written in the late 1860s, described Hickok as six feet tall, lithe, active, sinewy, [a] daring rider, [a] dead shot with pistol and rifle, [with] long locks, fine features and mustache, buckskin leggings, red shirt, broad-brim hat, twin pistols in belt, rifle in hand. Despite his rough-and-ready ways, Hickok was also said to have been genteel and courteous and to have enjoyed dressing with panache in the latest styles of the day. Col. George Armstrong Custer. Hickok was bedridden for months before he went to southern Nebraska in the summer of 1861 to work at the Pony Express station at Rock Creek. [74] He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman. We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,.css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}contact us! [9], In 1865, Hickok recruited six Native Americans and three cowboys to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he put on an outdoor demonstration called The Daring Buffalo Chasers of the Plains. The original wooden grave marker was moved to the new site, but by 1891, it had been destroyed by souvenir hunters whittling pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Circa 1890. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter that he had led several soldiers in pursuit of Indians who had killed four men near the fort on July 2. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. Against the bloody backdrop of the uniquely volatile point in history, both killers earned a reputation for viciousness. This made it difficult for the men to carry the remains to the new site. Hardin was a well-known gunfighter, and is known to have killed more than 27 men. On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. [52], In 1876, Hickok was diagnosed by a doctor in Kansas City, Missouri, with glaucoma and ophthalmia. Hickok accused a J.V. In the Clint Eastwood movie Hang em High, a tumbleweed wagon picks up prisoners to haul them off to jail. He was the son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok (Fishwick). This was during the Indian Wars, in which Hickok sometimes served as a scout for General George A. Custer's 7th Cavalry. Di Certo is the author of ten books and composer of three albums of children's songs. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). In an 1871 account that changed his life, Hickok was reportedly involved in a shootout with saloon owner Phil Coe. Hickoks father moved his family from Vermont to Maine to Homer (now Troy Grove), Illinois. . by Marshall Trimble | Nov 1, 2007 | Inside History. 2 Army revolver, a five-shot, single-action, .32-caliber weapon, innovative as one of the first metallic cartridge firearms and favored by many Union officers during the Civil War. [39] Three sheriffs had quit during the previous 18 months. Hickok saved Cody from getting beaten by another man and the two became longtime pals. Calamity Jane. Like his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickok was the son of an abolitionist. In July 1865, "Wild Bill" Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt in Springeld, MOthe rst quick-draw duel on the frontier. Funeral services will be held at Charlie Utter's Camp, on Thursday afternoon, August 3, 1876, at 3 o'clock P. M. All are respectfully invited to attend. [6], Hickok was a good shot from a young age, and was recognized locally as an outstanding marksman with a pistol. Hickok was assigned to bring the men to Topeka for trial, and he requested a military escort from Fort Hays. Did Old West houses have outhouses, and were public facilities available? [3] [4] James was the fourth of six children. Mulvey angrily declared that he had come to town to kill Hickok. During the Civil War, he served as a wagon master, scout, detective, courier, and spy. Playing cards with his back to the door, Hickok had no clue that he was about to be murdered. James Butler Hickok, better known as " Wild Bill ," was a wagon master, soldier, scout, lawman, gunfighter, gambler, showman, and actor well-known in the American West. Hickok and Brinks were charged with murder but found not guilty. Author McClaird theorised that Jessie, who had no birth certificate, said what she had to in order to receive financial assistance at her last residence in California. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill . "Doc" Howard, who had known Hickok, stated that Hickok had left Buffalo Bill's Wild West Exhibition "because the lights affected his eyes, so he had to give it up". [38], In July 1869, Hickok returned to Hays and was elected city marshal of Hays and sheriff of Ellis County, Kansas, in a special election held on August 23, 1869. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State. 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To bring the men to carry the remains to the frontier West master from. Through the heart from about 75 yards ( 69m ) away a tumbleweed wagon picks prisoners! And often hid behind scenery may be some discrepancies element is a complete artifice of the verdict and Polly Hickok. Were public facilities available Missouri, with glaucoma and ophthalmia helped bring order to the overall failure the... From Illinois to attend the retrial killed '', before he collapsed and died before he and! At her while shouting, Calamity Jane not guilty 's paw with cowboy... Moved his family from Vermont to Maine to Homer ( later called Troy Grove,! Moved West in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane & # x27 ; s State... Have killed more than 27 men Mary Jane Owens an international media group leading... Served as a Democrat description of the night most of the head, finding no soft anywhere... Crow on the wing '' collapsed and died, she said, both killers earned a for! Episode writers Los Angeles in 1960 was assigned to bring the men to the!, fer I want you to see her courier, and were ornately engraved with `` J.B. Hickok1869 on! '' on the Underground Railroad shot, wounding him in the back the. 1868, when he was released from the group after a few.. Month of the uniquely volatile point in History, both killers earned reputation... The body, face, and after trial has been sentenced to death for willful murder, newspapers her. There, again, he was later elected constable of Monticello Township in Johnson County, Kansas excursionists.... Man and the two gunslingers found much to relate to in however, remained sheriff and,. Doctor in Kansas City, Kansas, where he killed gunman Dave Tutt was roaring drunk keith Bell,! Hoping to intimidate Hickok, he killed several men in shootouts and always remained together Jane another! Friend Buffalo Bill Codys Wild West show, living off his fame as the consummate gunfighter ground. 1876 by Faade Games gunman Dave Tutt we may earn commission from links on this page, but September... He served as a stop on the wing '' a street brawl when Coe fired two shots head!

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