Document 2 describes the set up of the king's court with domed . Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Some filters moved to Formats filters, which is at the top of the page. In the same year of 1519 the Spanish explorer Hernando Cortes arrived on the east coast of Mexico. Questions developed by Dorian Bowman, Winsor School. Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were all trading powers that ruled over large areas. Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History, African Studies Course Enhancement Grants, Public Lending Library on Campus: Teaching Africa Library, West African Kingdoms & Transsaharan Trade, The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Invites Applications for the Position of Administrative Associate, The Journal of the Core Curriculum Invites Students and Faculty to Submit Creative Work! q#T,VCd@7+90ZfAeISreUhng| >5\m+7WBBg In Awdaghust there is one cathedral mosque and many smallerones all well attended. Document 1 Between 700 and 1067, the Kingdom of ancient Ghana rose in power and gained control of the transSaharan goldand salt trade. Their main capital was the city of Koumbi Saleh, located just on the edge of the Sahara Desert, which was really made up of two separate cities. There are handsome buildings and fine houses. Thenuggets may weigh from an ounce to a pound. Kingdoms of West Africa 2. The kingdoms of Benin, Mali, Songhai, Kongo and Asante each had their own language and unique ways of leading . Here is an excerpt about the Oasis town of AwdaghostAwdaghost is a former Berber town in current Mauritiania. A rich kingdom of the West African savanna. by using the documents. Ghana may have succeeded thanks to trade, but the Mali Empire flourished with its powerful trade routes. Their religion is paganism and the worship of idols. The leaders of the native African kingdoms reacted to European imperialism by clearly expressing their opposition to the European officials, highlighting how strange and hypocritical European culture was, and implementing any means available to fight the Europeans.. Copper, mined from the northern half of the empire, was also traded, often in exchange for gold in the south. A longer excerpt of Al-Bakris writings can be found here. In West Africa, three empires-Ghana, Mali, and Songhaibecame wealthy and powerful by controlling the gold and salt trade. *Click on Open button to open and print to worksheet. Mali. She has a master's degree in Mythological Studies. 0|K0aLT['%MJ! slave trade . Some believe that at its height, the Mali Empire had an army of 100,000, with 10,000 of those being cavalry. Salt was incredibly important and used almost as a currency in and of itself. The Songhai Empire took independence from Mali and forged its own powerful empire. Therest of the people eat sorghum. Ghana. and salt trade. These two things impressed many other rulers of similar kingdoms, and made people not commit any crimes in Mali. Create your account, 18 chapters | On every donkey-load of salt when it is brought into the country their king levies one golden dinar and two dinars when it is sent out. Ibn Hawqal, writing in 951 on trade and the importance ofsalt. 12.5 The Rise of Kingdoms and Empires Trade was a major factor in the rise of West African kingdoms. This lesson plan includes: slides, DBQ, documentary questions, and curated resources. Mansa Musa always wanted the best for his kingdom, and had to make sacrifices along the way to get it where it is today., The capital of the Mali Empire was Naini, which was later changed to Ka-Ba. From what activity did the small African kingdoms along the West African coast become rich beginning around the 1500s? This description of the king's court in ancient Ghana was written by the Arab scholar, AlBakri.The court of appeal is held in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses with gold embroidered trappings. The unit begins by teaching the origins of Islam. succeed. The north half of the empire had enough salt, though still considered it as valuable as gold. What evidence of wealth is described by AlBakri? 10. Under Sundiata, Mali expanded rapidly west to the Atlantic Ocean, south into the forest, and east beyond the Niger River, and north as the Sahara desert. I have a grading checklist on the last page that is based on the AP grading system. Use the map below as a reference while you are reading the texts. Emily currently is a substitute teacher, and has taught a variety of K-12 courses. In Roads and Kingdoms (1057), hewrote the following excerpts: The city of Ghana consists of two towns situated on a plain. Songhai. What evidence of an advanced political structure is described by AlBakri. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. 79-81. Wheat is grown there, by digging with hoes and it is wateredwith buckets. This was also because it had several loyal vassal states, including the former empire of Ghana. The map shows the location of the three kingdoms of West Africa, as well as, many other kingdoms and empires throughout African history. Edit Report an issue 30 seconds. A powerful kingdom of the West African savanna. Mali had been a state inside of the Ghana Empire (Goucher, 232). sale of oil and natural gas. In the south, where there was a shortage of salt, it was even more valuable. Any solid gold brought in the empire was immediately brought to the treasury and exchanged for gold dust. West African Kingdoms By at least 800 CE, a handful of kingdoms and empires were forming in Africa, three of which were located in West Africa, relatively close to each other. Ibn Hawqal, writing in 951 on trade and the importance of salt. % 4 0 obj In this lesson you will teach students about Sundiata, Mansa Musa, Abubhakari II, and many others! The Mali Empire was organized as staging posts in the long distance caravan trade and trading centers for the various West African products (Goucher, 234). Africa. In other areas, local chiefs were allowed to continue ruling their people, so long as they did not oppose the Songhai state and payed their taxes. . The king adorns himself like a woman (wearing necklaces) round his neck and (bracelets) on his forearms, and he puts on a high cap decorated with gold and wrapped in a turban of fine cotton. This Document Based Question has 8 documents for students to examine that are about Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Hopkins, Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History, (Cambridge University Press, 1981) pp. Among the people who follow the kings religion only he and his heir apparent (who is the son of his sister) may wear sewn clothes. kS:wRshco`K62G.b\gRPhY)&`j,B$<=''s3[bZQ81)w&&MQGR3is~POCqCZ=(h*o<4};4Yk7*z]vE#@PyY d\v0@sWyKQJ= 8wjzQI&(tb$@$X>A)/*)N(uW(ccO_Cm\0\d^ ;6gng~]mi4~ufJ_! This can be shown through observing their specific geographical, economical, and religious aspects of their society., As the political and social structures of Sub-Saharan Africa developed during the years 400 - 1450 C.E., hierarchy structures based on kinship were maintained, however self-contained city-states grew into large empires., Mali was founded by an indigenous African dynasty that had earlier converted to Islam through peaceful interactions with Muslims., Often, achievements of older civilizations are lost in the shadows of their successors. The following description of the Kingdom of Ghana was written by Al-Bakri, a member of a prominent Spanish Arab family who lived during the 11th century. They have found evidence of trade, craftsmanship, and great wealth. Of the videos, 3/4 are on Youtube. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. The Ghana Empire, which was sometimes called the Wagadu Empire, lasted from some time before 830 CE to around 1235 CE. Mongol Empire History, Expansion & Army | Who were the Mongols? Mali was just average, until Mansa Musa came along. This Quick Read Bundle contains 7 quick reads and one added DBQ. Document 2 perfectly represents the power and wealth of Ghana's roytalty. Explore the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and learn about their cultures, their political systems, and what made them so rich and successful. (Document 4), As a citizen of Mali, I feel that Mansa Musa did a quite bold, and brave thing, that cost him many followers trust, but a new trade route in return. Awdaghost is a former Berber town in current . After the fall of Ghana, the Mali Empire took its place and rose to power under the leadership of Sundiata, "the lion King." In between the eighth and eleventh century the kingdom of Ghana grew. Starting in the medieval period, a series of kingdoms rose and fell in West Africa. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Both great civilizations also shared many similarities as well as a great amount of differences. Their transactions are in gold, and hey have nosilver. Between 700 and 1067, the Kingdom of ancient Ghana rose in power and gained control of the transSaharan gold. Each one page reading comes with an answer key for the 3-4 questions on the p. Reported resources will be reviewed by our team. On every donkey-load of salt when it is brought into thecountry their king levies one golden dinar,[acoinprobablyworth about two-weeks' work for a North African laborer in theeleventh century] and two dinars when it is sent out. Because of him, we stayed strong for almost two hundred years. Only the kings and the rich eat wheat there. 277 lessons. The Early African Kingdoms were able to progress in economy and political structure by the actions of their leaders, location, religious influences, and geographical features. 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Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Islam in West Africa Origin & Establishment | How Did Islam Spread? This lesson plan includes: slides, DBQ, documentary questions, and curated resources. Follow Learning the Social Sciences on TpT. These woods are guarded and none may enter them and know what is there. It flourished beginning in the 300s. While there were many settlements in ancient West Africa, three major kingdoms emerged in the area. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. African Cultures: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. *Click on Open button to open and print to worksheet. 1. It was ruled by an Emperor. Mali's influence and power were due largely in part to its stable government and military. He was Muslim and worked to ensure peace and order. gold-for-salt trade. Trade helped Ghana to become a wealthy state. Document 1 Between 700 and 1067, the Kingdom of ancient Ghana rose in power and gained control of the transSaharan gold and salt trade. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. In them too are their idols and the tombs of their kings. This description of the kings court in ancient Ghana was written by the Arab scholar, AlBakri. Even though he betrayed and stole from his citizens, in the long run, he meant well, and in a way, paid them all back. ii. However, little is known about the politics of Ghana beyond that. Are you getting the free resources, updates, and special offers we send out every week in our teacher newsletter? Decent Essays. 'xZX . Songhai Empire Location & Facts | What was the Songhai Empire? Known for its wealth and power, the Mali Empire became one of the largest of the West African kingdoms. Reorder. The Songhay Empire, sometimes seen as the Songhai Empire, began in the 11th century CE, though people were known to have settled in the area as early as 800 CE, and lasted until the 16th century. These were. The court of appeal is held in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses with gold embroidered, Behind the king stand ten pages holding shields and swords decorated with gold, and on his right, are the sons of the subordinate kings of his country, all wearing splendid garments and with their hair mixed, The governor of the city sits on the ground before the king, and around him are ministers seated, At the door of the pavilion are dogs[wearing] collars of gold and silver, studded with a number of. They goes over how Islam expanded and then spends 3 days teaching out the innovations created during the Muslim Golden Age. ~ 8#|X7\8 -"-"-kCXX+1][X.eh8)uegk{_KHw%3.2&.1EMeVoi1-qhQ~Ul:0t2!R[R|]$sFoPMa-HdA81/>x0{VPJ|+OMmf`4M>E4O[AEl1&pFL:4:n 'Ll$0dDC6iXvUfre,^nG#ZXe0p% ^$\ ]g{cWjwtW)~OCDw2I^.a Savanna (grasslands) iv. However, given how many people lived between the two, they were practically connected. Each one page reading comes with an answer key for the 3-4 questions on the p 8 Products $7.99 $10.25 Save $2.26 View Bundle Put the West African empires in order from OLDEST to YOUNGEST. Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. In all the mosques there are teachers ofthe Koran. [] They standin oppressing need of [the goodwill of] the kings of Awdaghostbecause of the salt which comes to them from the lands ofIslam. At its height in 1350, the Mali Empire consisted of three major states,, Ghana had an abundance of gold, this made it the center of an enormous trade empire. dwellings are continuous. They all grew immensely rich by trading in gold. Here, it was the home of a rich diversity of people, including nomads, traders, farmers, and cattle herders. 519 Words; 3 Pages; Ap World History Dbq Essay. I reduced the price of, This Document Based Question has 8 documents for students to examine that are about Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Teach students about the advanced Muslim World!Teach the Mali Empire in 3 class periods! 1. dk4B#J0#QXw(\e Vn2 "XVT8VscGDj #k#PpZ@`eRYS[w+U1TJF+1K 5CdQb({kp0PniX3@i. 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MANK %eKIhE4sW:XPD n@L]Qa%J+='88QN;W(ZNdPDK|+SM,6hBfs-"3 TZWe"Xe!D~ulLSvw|BIs4v"H]l`C13rb~N"NqO`bleb%;MpLf*WF5FYc )hkL`lfGbVL!S=)DZ+C ~F[JrBJ;crZjKa H=c o-lPV5$^}Fu}%Bkq 8o}#V1DJ-,UH?2qorqqTF@i9`649~j Akb9J$K+0:c/gLd5ziga3 nX&)gw_TS& |)PeAz/3IS$i}wyn/h~:47 `e'-6F Pre-made digital activities. One of these towns, which is inhabited by Muslims, is large and possesses twelve mosques, in which they assemble for the Friday prayer. But forthis the people would accumulate gold until it lost its value. Name: _________________________________________________________. Exotic animals, landmarks monuments, religion, and lots of history left behind can be found . I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The Mali Empire dominated the vast interior of West Africa, a mostly region of mountains, savanna, desert, and forests. One of Mali's advantages with gold trade was in the fact that very few people in the empire possessed solid gold. In this adapted excerpt, he describes his travels. The clan one was born to often determined the occupation one would have. Name: _____ Period: _____ Date: _____ Kingdoms of West Africa - DBQs Directions: Analyze the documents and answer the short-answer questions that follow each document. The best gold is found in his land comes from the town of Ghiyaru, which is eighteen days traveling distance from the kings town over a country inhabited by tribes of the Sudan whose dwellings are continuous. Cattle and sheep are sonumerous that for a mithqal one may buy 10 rams or more. Q. What was the outside perception of the region and the leaders like Mansa Musa?" Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. Worksheets are Historical background information, Dbq africa before european arrival historical context, The three kingdoms of west africa ghana mali songhai, Great empires of the past, West african civilizations, Ancient and medieval africa, Holt mcdougal the americans, Ancient africa dbq. Honey too is very abundant, brought from the land of theSudan. Early African Kingdoms a. Kush (in a region also called Nubia): once ruled by Egypt, then became rulers of Egypt b. Axum: a trading kingdom in what is now Ethiopia 3. The kings interpreters, the official in charge of his treasury and the majority of his ministers are Muslims. Between 700 and 1600 there were three great empires in the centre of West Africa: Ancient Ghana, Mali and Songhai. The Aztecs were very religious and believed that the world had ended a few times before, so when the city Tenochtitlan had an earthquake and the capital was flooded by Lake Texcoco they took it as a warning of the empire ending. The Sudan (the fertile region below the Sahara, not the modern-day country) 2. 7kE)jAr4$W]nI2^LVbjrp''{TtP~Czb]Wr"*Dz{_zd^Z2D0"$3E.*b/ The final video is a PBS special that can either be purchased or you can use a one week free trial to access it (PBS on Amazon). Ghana Empire Rulers & Facts | What Did Ghana Trade? TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. Worksheets are Kingdoms of west africa, Work african empires map and questions, Early and medieval african kingdoms, Whap example dbq, For teachers only volume, The age of exploration, Introduction, Dbq columbian exchange. Ghana. x]Y$q}_QF5bh^@H 3>Ib`X [|# XUc?~8^.sxOSgk9OOn9ri'xyi~^_~~ ]W~-{.XHW?~qKMr| :o]~pt_S6.0W>}-Hlo1e/LWCGA?%M~N1~a>7~sS^U=|1_"?Up^{&;>Ly?Hut!D`v~L&Rd%e_lOFIm-^M 2=,b @,&!fW%? Before the Europeans arrived, these empires had hierarchies and roles in society, which . The foundations were laid for Walata, Jenne, and Timbuktu becoming the cultural and commercial centers of the Western Sudan, eclipsing those of North Africa and producing Arabic-language black literature in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. I highly recommend you use this site! When the current leader at the time, Mahmud IV, died in 1610, his three sons fought for his position. %PDF-1.3 These kingdoms focused mainly on trading with surrounding kingdoms, and because of this they were considered very successful. The Mali Empire, with its large gold and salt trade and large military, was a force to be reckoned with through much of West Africa, and had several vassal states, making it the larger of the three empires. He sits in audience or to hear grievances against officials in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses covered with gold-embroidered materials. stream Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Between 300th century and 1400th century, the most powerful African kingdoms had achieved great goals, such as developing a trade system. Gold & Salt Trade: Overview & History | What was the Gold & Salt Trade? What evidence of wealth is described by AlBakri. Gold was not the only commodity of high value in Mali. Unfortunately, the stability would not last. These were the three kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. A very strong caste-clan system existed in Songhai. He wrote aboutthe Sahara after gathering information from merchants andother visitors. 4 0 obj by using the documents. The empires in Africa had a solid economy which was supported by their trade. Document 1 Between 700 and 1067, the Kingdom of ancient Ghana rose in power and gained control of the transSaharan gold and salt trade. Diplomatic relations were established and ambassadors were, The Empire of Mali rose out of what was once the empire of Ghana. Also included in:Muslim World Lesson Plan | Mali Empire | Muslim Golden Age | Full Unit, Also included in:African History to 1700 Unit: PPT, Activities, Readings & More: Print & Digital. In the kings town, and not far from his court of justice, is a mosque where the Muslims who arrive at his court pray. These are perfect for distance learning as they can be posted to an online portal like Google Classroom or could be mailed home for those without Internet. Some have called the Kingdom of By 1340, it was absorbed by the Mali Empire, though it was allowed to function as a sort of separate state at this time, so long as it was still loyal to Mali. The power of African empires is positively impacting the African empires and kingdoms by showing the great control and strength of Africa through the highly protected and very wealthy royalty of Ghana. Here is a little bit of what you can find., Ghana soon began to fall, people who were under their control fought for the control of the lucrative trade. many Muslims. This description of the kings court in ancient Ghana was written by the Arab scholar, AlBakri. None were able to gain complete control, and the Mali Empire became three separate states. 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The market there is at all times full of people, sothat owing to the great crowd and the noise of voices it isalmost impossible for a man to hear the words of one sittingbeside him. The court of appeal is held in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses with gold embroidered, Behind the king stand ten pages holding shields and swords decorated with gold, and on his right, are the sons of the subordinate kings of his country, all wearing splendid garments and with their hair mixed, The governor of the city sits on the ground before the king, and around him are ministers seated, At the door of the pavilion are dogs[wearing] collars of gold and silver, studded with a number of. to see state-specific standards (only available in the US). A king of Mali in the 1300s. He was described as generous because he gave out gold to everyone. Ile-Ife. Berbers benefited Ghana the most because their camels carried much of the trade across the dessert., Peaceful and tranquility are something that Africa can offer you. After the rule of Sundiata, the new ruler named Mansa Musa can to power. The capital of a kingdom of the West African rain forest. During this time, the Songhai city of Timbuktu became the educational capital of the empire. King Moses controlled Gao and Timbuktu his power extended also to the Taghaza salt mines. Before Europe stepped in, they were a quite advanced, flourishing continent by themselves. The town ofGhiyaruis twelve miles from the [Niger River] and contains Tropical rain forests (along lower West African coast and Congo River) iii. Related. Most of what we know about Ghana comes from texts written by Muslims, recording the geography of Africa after their conquest of North Africa. Even though there is only a little knowledge of the early civilizations in Africa, the achievements of the African empires, kingdoms . The nuggets found in all the mines of his country are reservedfor the king, only this gold dust being left for the people. These are perfect for distance learning as they can be posted to an online portal like Google Classroom or could be mailed home for those without Internet. and salt trade. Each one page reading comes with an answer key for the 3-4 questions on the page.Quick Reads are great for online or distance learning, to be used as bell ringers, reviews, or a quick activity to compliment a lesson plan. The first West African kingdom based on the gold and salt trade. As mentioned above, the Ghana Empire was primarily ruled by a king, who had several officials to offer advice. The people of Awdaghust enjoy extensive benefits andhuge wealth. The three major kingdoms were Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Displaying all worksheets related to - Kingdoms Of West Africa Dbq. Originally, it was a vassal state to the Mali Empire. Itwas an important oasis in the Southern end of a the caravanroute. They cannot do without this salt, of which one land, inthe interior and more remote parts of the land of Sudan, mayfetch between 200 and 300 dinars. I however, am certainly not one of those ex- followers, for I find his strategy to be heroic. Africa Before European Arrival DBQ Some of the earliest humans lived in Africa. Though, Ghana did obtain goods through tribute from its loyal chiefdoms in the region, they were a force to be reckoned with for trade. The fall of Songhai was a result of civil war and invasion from Morocco. He also promoted religious freedom. According to document 9 They put their children in chains if they show any backwardness in memorizing it, and they are not set free until they have it by heart(304).It basically means that the power that they had over other people also were towards their children which, From the 1st Century to the 15th Century, two specific African civilizations were rising up; these two civilizations consisted of West Africa consisting of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai and of the Swahili city states. Ancient West African kingdoms were wealthy, vibrant societies. One of the last great kingdoms . They were able to maintain their rule for several centuries though, and were able to oppose several rival independent kingdoms and movements and extended their influence over much of the Sudan. These are perfect for distance learning as they can be posted to an online portal like Google Classroom or could be mailed home for those without Internet. Writings of Ibn Hawqal (951) On Salt and the Oasis of Awdaghost. At the door of the pavilion are dogs of excellent pedigree who hardly ever leave the place where the king is, guarding him. Male became rich off of the Saharan trade routes. He extended the empire very far and after his death his sons took charge, Mansa Musa strengthened Islam and promoted education, trade, and commerce in Mali. Other African kingdoms, empires, and cities also arose and declined. It was perhaps one of the largest Islamic empires of the time, with its capital city in Gao. Unlike its neighbors, these two areas were remembered for their great development that took place in their time. Credit was given to the king, Sulaiman-Mar, for resisting the Mali and establishing the independence of the Songhai Empire in the late 11th century. They had their own trade routes and systems, enormous wealth, as well as a great lack of corruption alongside an abundance of generosity, and were also advanced in the way of knowledge, even valuing it above other resources., Both of the empires fell in very different ways. The Mali Empire, or sometimes known as the Mandingo Empire, was founded in 1230 CE by Sundiata Keita. The link to the Google Doc is on the last page of the MS Doc. Around the kings town are domed buildings and groves and thickets where the sorcerers of these people, men in charge of the religious cult, live. Mansa Musa expanded the Mali Empire and on his hajj to Mecca stopped in Egypt. Given their steady taxes and trade, the government was able to maintain a standing army to defend itself and later expand Mali's borders. Between 1000 and Awdaghost is a former Berber town in current Mauritiania. In recent years, scientists have studied the sites of other ancient cities in West Africa. Thebest gold found in his land comes from the town of Ghiyaru,which is eighteen days traveling distant from the kingstownover a country inhabited by tribes of the Soudan whose All of them shave their beards, and women shave their heads.
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