A Complete Sleeping Bag in Backpack How-To Guide! If boiling your water is not possible, you can make small quantities of filtered and settled water safer to drinkby using a chemical disinfectant such as unscented household chlorine bleach. Most can operate off of either propane or electricity, making them a practical tool for car camping, even when hook-ups arent available. It's also great for cooking on top of once the water has boiled. The fire should never be built in the dry grass of the meadow. This makes a very viable choice to boil camping water. They use it when they plan to use more primitive camping gear like making tents from tarps. When you boil water (at 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit) you have the ability to purify water. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Then, light the port with a match or a lighter, and all that remains is to lay it on top of the burner and wait for the water to boil. Another popular way to boil water while camping is to use a portable stove. These propane stoves should be reserved for car camping. This system uses one clean bucket of water for washing and one dirty bucket of water for rinsing. 45 Fun Facts about India Everyone Should Know [Top India Facts! For example: Cut out four pieces of cardboard to form the shape of a square or rectangle that's about 2 feet by 2 feet. 20 Ways to Boil Water While Camping. Keep an eye on your inbox- Ill be in touch with some cool stuff soon . The first is to use a hydration bladder, such as a Camelback or Platypus, that stays inside your backpack near your back and allows you to drink through a connected tube that comes out to your shoulder strap for easy access. Just be careful not to run it dry and be stranded in the middle of nowhere just because you wanted a cup of Yerba Mate. How to Stay Warm in a Tent: 20 Actionable Tips, Top 12 Cowboy Camping Tips & Gear Essentials, Stress-Free Camping: Fast Pitch Tents vs. But itll still be much quicker than other more rudimentary options on this list. 2. Failing to boil the water properly could lead to sickness for you and your companions. This water can be used to make coffee and take a bath in case the weather is cold. Then place the omelettes in a bag in boiling water for about 14-15 minutes. Although, it does come with both the stove portion and integrated pot with an insulated exterior so you can safely grab the pot once it boils. Just place a pot of hot fluid on the flames and wait for it, then drink up! Portable units that deliver a measured dose of UV light are effective to disinfect small quantities of clear water. To boil camping water in the Jetboil, add your water to the cooking cup or another vessel. Winter camping is a . You can boil water with a Jetboil, alcohol stove, charcoal grill, propane stove, or wood stove. Please enable JavaScript for a better experience. Traditional Canister Stoves Canister stoves are generally speaking easy to light and bring water to a boil faster and mush easier than your average campfire. Instant Tents, The 14 Cheapest Camping Food Options For Adventures On A Budget. However, if youre making a fire to boil water outside of a designated campground, its worth considering ways to minimize the environmental impacts of your campfires. The Ghillie Camping Kettle Your morning caffeine hit (not to mention a warm shower and hot water to wash your clothes/dishes) can feel like a long way off. ], 28 Incredible Examples of Critical Thinkers (Past and Present! Then place the pot or pan full of water inside the Dutch oven. This is our general set-up for boiling water over campfires at campgrounds: Our camping kettles boiling water over a campfire If you are camping in the wilderness, you will have to set up your own fire ring and use proper safety protocols to ensure you don't accidentally start a wildfire. Make sure to bury poop downstream from where you or others collect water. canister stoves arent ideal in the winter, Lewis N. Clark Portable Immersion Water Heater, staying clean throughout your camping trip, Discover The Best Way To Make Coffee While Camping. They're great however because with this water boiling method you don't need a single fuel canister. ], Exactly What to Wear Hiking [Complete Clothes for Hiking Guide], 15 Different Types of Camping [Camping Styles List], A Complete Guide to Waterproofing a Backpack [2021]. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Buy a solar powered kettle instead. It has a compact design and is easily transported which is great for backpacking. White gas is particularly great for camping because it burns cleanly and efficiently in nearly all conditions. Before you start trying to hold a pot of water over your cars engine block or just a BIC lighter, check out some of these tried and true methods for boiling water. However, if you want to heat up a single cup of water in just a few seconds, its hard to find something more efficient than an immersion heater. However, their relatively small cooking area and lack of simmer control make it difficult to use these stoves for large groups. For more information on how Ghillie Kettles work, check out this fun video: If simplicity and ease of use are your top priorities, an immersion heater just might be what you need. It could take between five and ten minutes for the water to boil. This is by far the easiest way to boil water while traveling, even if you aren't camping! But, if youre looking for a way to boil water in an emergency while camping, its hard to top a solid fuel stove. There's nothing to it: Collect the water into a pot or other container, put it on the camp stove, and bring it to a roiling boil and boil for at least one minute. French press coffee makers are great if you have access to boiling water. However, this is a catch-all term and camping stoves come in an array of shapes and styles. Let the water boil for up to 5 minutes. Its a relatively simple task that can be accomplished with a variety of methods. While sterno stoves can boil water, the drawback is it takes them longer than other methods we have described. Trying to find the best way to boil water while camping? To use a solar heater, you simply need to fill the bag up with water and place it in the sun. If you want to ever do anything else with a stove, then you need to check out other models. Why "fancier"? There are several heat sources for boiling water and include fire, direct heat, and solar water boiling devices. Doing so allows the pot to get all the heat from the fire without directly touching the coals. Alternatively, you can use iodine tablets for water purification (available at most camping stores). JavaScript is disabled in your browser. However, the main drawback to these stoves is that theyre not really useful for cooking elaborate meals. These stoves, which include fan-favorite models like the MSR PocketRocket, tend to be exceptionally small and lightweight. Another quick, easy, and convenient way to boil water when camping. Keep an eye on your inbox- Ill be in touch with some cool stuff soon! I promise to never bombard you with emails or share your personal information. Then theres the whole rigmarole of setting it up, which can seem like a hassle when all you want is a cup of coffee! Once the water reaches the desired temperature, disconnect the bucket heater from the power source, and use as you wish. The traditional kettle is a simple yet effective tool that does not require any complicated setup or special knowledge. If boiling is not possible, use tap water that is too hot to touch, which is probably at a temperature between 131F (55C) and 140F (60C). One drawback to the solid fuel camp stove for boiling camping water is the lack of temperature control for the flame. Expect travel, (mis)adventure, and a general shot at living life right. Using a camp stove to boil water while camping is pretty straightforward. 3. Doing so will help ensure that the water is thoroughly heated above 212 degrees F (100 degrees C) to kill off any potential pathogens. Due to the size of these stoves, you can not boil a lot of water at once. If while camping or hiking you run out of water, the best water sources to use are those that move. If youre looking to just warm water thats already been filtered or treated, this is an okay method. Once the water reaches a boiling point, turn the stove off and let the pot sit for one minute. USB Heating Mug 3. Unlike all the stoves mentioned before, this is a metal device to put in the pot in order to boil water. The most widespread way campers boil water while staying outdoors is by using a kettle over a campfire. The Jetboil stove is a very reliable and quick way to boil water camping. Its an effective way to boil water relatively quickly, without electricity. With a high flame, these stoves can boil camping water in about five minutes. You can start a campfire with woods or stones and place a stainless-steel bucket or bowl to boil your water. The water should come to a boiling temperature within five minutes. This method can be more work than other screw-on stoves, but they do have their benefits. Disclaimer: I hate spam. You literally use them to heat a big bucket of water to boiling point. Our content is reader-supported. Because you have to stay at campsites with a power supply to use them! These can be difficult when you dont have a large amount of biofuel available to light the fire with. #4 Boil Water Over Campfire. Gaby works professionally in the outdoors as a guide, instructor, and educator. Going on a camping trip and planning to take your car/truck onto the site? There are many accessories you can get to help boil water on a campfire, like a campfire grate or a campfire tripod. The simplest way to do so is to make a fire and to place a pot or kettle directly on top of the coals. To use it to boil water camping, find a metal cup or camp pot that will fit on the burner. Also, you have little control over the flame temperature so it may take a little longer for this unit to heat the water. There are both single and double burner models. Here are some easy ideas that you can do to achieve boiled water out in the camping grounds: Kettle You can use a traditional or electric kettle to heat up the water effectively-depending on the resources you have. They typically screw onto the case canister which becomes their base. Car Kettle For Boiling Water. 1. A portable charcoal grill is not easily transported while hiking so this method works best if you are car camping or if your campground offers onsite charcoal grills. Perhaps the easiest way to do so is to use a dedicated camp stove. This is by no means the quickest way to boil water when youre camping! Or, if you want to get fancy, you can invest in a campfire tripod system or a grill, which can be used to prop your pots and kettles up above the fire for ease of use. It is lightweight and can burn for up to 20 minutes. Boiling water camping is as quick, easy, and convenient as it gets. This method is by far the most common one, even if it needs quite a bit of effort from the user side. Methods to Boil Water While You are Camping. Other people state they will, so be sure and check the specifications yourself before investing in one. Traditional Kettle Over a Campfire When boiling water for coffee over a campfire, the traditional kettle remains one of the most time-honoured methods. Indeed, if you want hot water for drinking, we recommend using one of the other options on this list, instead. Youre surrounded by nature, filling your lungs with fresh air. Use a solar powered kettle to help speed up your boiling water. Charcoal grills are another option you can use to boil water camping. These stoves have a very small footprint which makes them perfect for hiking and backpacking. No fires, extra pots, or lighters required. These can run on propane, butane, or alcohol and are lightweight and easily transported. While many articles online will just discuss the types of vessels you can use to boil water in. But, and its a big but, there are problems as well: First, you need a reliable supply of electricity to use them. Up next, well introduce you to 13 great ways to heat water while outside. Use a Campfire The campfire can be used as an efficient way to boil water. Your Ultimate Guide to the Great Outdoors. What happens if youve got no camping stove, no power supply, no car/electric kettle, and no fancy Jetboil system? Then light the fuel inside the stove. Oh, and an added benefit is that you can cook dinner on them- something that cant be said for the kettles Ive talked about so far. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. If you've come prepared and brought a kettle, your water will be drinkable in just 5 minutes. The fuel will burn at the same temp for the most part. Keep your hands clean. Saving Lives, Protecting People, guide for water treatment while hiking, camping, and traveling, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (DFWED), Como prevenir los microbios transmitidos por el agua en casa, Choosing Home Water Filters & Other Water Treatment Systems, Step 2. Water can be boiled without a pot or a cup by directly heating or dropping hot rocks into alternative containers such as a metal bucket or a tin can. Of course, since all of these kettles require electricity, theyre best for campground adventures. When buying a sleeping bag, make sure that it is made for camping and fits well with your tent. You create a small fire in the base, pour water into the kettle, and place it on top of the fireAnd then you wait a few minutes until the waters boiling. That being said, its worth noting that youll struggle to get truly hot water with a solar shower, even if youre camping in a very warm and sunny locale. Be sure to use only proper woods like oak, pine, maple, or ash. How to Boil Water While Camping Without Fire? There are also many kettles manufactured to use the 12 volt system from your car. While it may take up to thirty minutes for the charcoal to heat up it offers a consistent and even temperature to boil camping water. #2 The Ghillie Camping Kettle. With your morning coffee on the line, finding ways to boil water camping is all-but imperative. Therefore, they are often substantially more efficient, especially in windy climates. However, it's a little difficult to regulate a campfire's heat, so it takes a longer time to boil water than using a portable stove. If you need to cook or need something that boils water, go for a portable stove to make sure the water boils. Here are 13 unique ways to boil water while camping: Traditional Kettle Electric Kettle Internal Flame Kettle Jetboil Stove System Old Fashioned Pot Electric Pot Stovetop Coffee Pot Use Your Car Tiny Canister Stove Flameless Ration Heater Charcoal Grill Tin Can Use The Sun If you're using a camp stove, simply place your pot or pan on the burner and turn it up to high. These fuels, which include ethanol, denatured alcohol, and methanol, are often readily available at gas stations. With a high flame, these stoves can boil camping water in about five minutes. A good bug net can keep bugs out of your tent while still allowing air to circulate. You can make one with cardboard, aluminum foil, and plastic. Car Kettle, aka Electric Kettle Boil Water Without A Stove (Using Water Heater) 1. Buy one of these gizmos and youll have an all-in-one device (pot, stove, and ignitor switch) thats purpose-built for heating things up fast and fuel-efficiently. With the right stove, you can have water boiling in under five minutes. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Speed things up by boiling smaller quantities and keeping a lid on the pot. Ill never bombard you with emails or share your personal info. On cloudy days users report it takes a long time for the solar kettle to heat the water. Heating your water with a portable propane heater is a great option. Then, of course, theres always the risk of running out of gas. Best ways to boil water while Camping Same of the best ways to boil water while camping are listed below: - Portable Stove Solar water heater Bag Bucket Heater Camp Fire 12V Car kettle Kelly Kettles Traditional Canister Stoves Internal Flame Kettles Campfire Jet Boiler Heat-Stick by Heat-gear Whether you plan to drink it or use it in your cooking, like in a soup. While stagnant water can still be purified, it takes longer when boiling it. Check out this video if you want to learn more about the process: One word of caution with alcohol stoves: Since these stoves dont have on/off valves, they can be a fire hazard when not used carefully. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. With a lighter and propane gas supply, youre good to go. Therefore, theyre a fantastic option for boiling water on car-based adventures like camping with your RV. Once the water has reached a boiling point, the pot will automatically shut off. Camp stoves can come in many different shapes and sizes. Here are the best options available for getting water to a rolling boil quickly. Boiling water is a surefire way to kill bacteria, viruses and protozoa in the water that can make you sick. You can improve the flat taste of boiled water by. Propane camp stoves are a very reliable way to boil water camping. In my opinion, this is a great addition to any camping trip for heating water for coffee, washing dishes, or just wanting to have a small pot on while cooking over the open fire. Propane camping stoves can boil water quickly. Reverse osmosis filters remove bacteria and viruses and can also remove salt from water, which is important for people who may need to use salt water. Then, add a few drops of dish soap to the clean bucket. Wash your bottles daily and rinse them with purified water. Ill send through the tips, updates, info and inspiration that I come across on this journey! Whatever works best for you will be your best choice when heating up water. Fill a pot with fresh water from a stream or lake These water heating bags, like the Sea to Summit Pocket Shower, tend to be very lightweight and portable, so theyre an easy thing to pack on remote adventures. In order to boil water camping with an alcohol camp stove first set up the stove on a stable level surface. Take a Jetboil. Why fancier? 1. Large propane heater. These handy contraptions plug into the vehicles cigarette lighter, leveraging those 12V to function. Rocks. That way, you never have to sip on lukewarm water ever again. Learning how to boil water while camping is an essential skill that all outdoor enthusiasts ought to know. For some guidance on how to make an environmentally-friendly campfire, check out this video from Leave No Trace about how to build a mound fire: There are many different ways to heat up water without a fire while camping. . However, its worth mentioning that these stoves can be a bit of a challenge to use the first few times. As an alternative, you could buy an inverter that transforms those measly 12 volts into 110 (or more). Its simple, raw, and far removed from the lavishness of everyday life. This compact and lightweight stove uses a gel-based fuel as its heat source. Use Alcohol StoveTo Boil Water While Camping Alcohol stoves can be highly effective at boiling water, allowing you to typically heat a litre of water in 5 to 10 minutes while using little to no fuel. Doing so will provide you with boiled water in just a few minutes, regardless of the conditions outside. You can get camp stoves that run off of propane, white gas, butane, biofuels, and alcohol, so there are plenty of options to choose from. The water should stay drinkable for about 24 hours, although it may taste a little flat because air has escaped it. Since the capacity of the majority of camping kettles is about one liter, it means that it is going to take about 5 minutes to boil a kettle full of water. . You just made my day! That being said, these stoves can be tricky to use at first. Stagnant water builds up more bacteria in it. On a cloudless sunny day, they heat the water much quicker. This is one of the most historically used methods to heat water while camping. Another type of camp stove is the wood-burning camp stove. It has a tight-fitting lid, which helps to retain heat and moisture. Charcoal can be cumbersome to travel with so keep that in mind. You can set your flame temperature using a dial on the stove. Solar water heating bags are an eco-friendly, fuel-free method of getting heated water for showers or washing dishes. Assuming you have the means (and know-how) to make a fire, the process couldnt be simpler. You just need to light a small fire and it utilizes the heat efficiently to channel all the heat directly into the kettle. It utilizes canned liquefied petroleum gas. As for the wands, they look a bit like old-school microphones that you submerge. Many fuel manufacturers tout that their fuel can burn as hot as 1300 degrees Farenheit. Campfire. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Pack a canister of propane gas and your Jetboil and youre good to go (AKA theres no extra pots or lighter required). Since water boiling times vary based on the altitude of your campsite, your boiling method, and the type of heat source that youre using, theres no fixed length of time that you should boil water. Camp Fire Conclusion 4 Easy Tricks To Boil Water While Camping 1. Then, continue boiling for another minute (or 3 minutes if youre above 6,500ft/1,980m in elevation) before drinking. You sit around campfires, stare up at starry skies, and sleep under canvas. As a side note, some people consider this type of stove more of a survival stove. If you have time and a few simple tools, a solar cooker is an excellent way to boil water for your camping trip. Nevertheless, most immersion heaters are designed only for single cups of water. Stoves, like Jetboils, can often boil a liter of water in just a few minutes, making them a solid option for fast-and-light backpacking. So, if you wanted to heat up a lot of water for dishwashing or bathing, wed recommend checking out a bucket heater, instead. There is much debate on these types of units and some question if they can boil water. Water relatively quickly, without electricity most time-honoured methods an effective way to boil water.... You aren & # x27 ; ve come prepared and brought a,. Out of your tent main drawback to these stoves can boil water that boils water, go for a stove..., raw, and plastic or others collect water designed only for single cups of water for coffee a! Minute ( or 3 minutes if youre above 6,500ft/1,980m in elevation ) before drinking therefore, they look bit! Qualifying purchases making tents from tarps to 5 minutes and can burn hot. Simple, raw, and educator to stay at campsites with a lighter and propane gas your... Most historically used methods to heat the water should stay drinkable for about 24 hours, although it may a... 13 great ways to heat the water this journey, you have time a. Are a very viable choice to boil water purified water air has escaped it is to use first... Stagnant water can still be much quicker makes a very viable choice to boil your water with a variety methods! That these stoves can boil camping water in just a few drops of dish soap to the solid camp. In boiling water and place a pot or kettle directly on top of the most widespread campers. Stoves can be accomplished with a lighter and propane gas and your Jetboil and youre good to go back make. Eco-Friendly, fuel-free method of getting heated water for drinking, we recommend using one of the meadow this of..., and solar water heating bags are an eco-friendly, fuel-free method of getting heated for! In boiling water and include fire, direct heat, and convenient way to boil camping water about! The omelettes in a bag in boiling water for rinsing the omelettes in a bag in boiling water camping on... Fuel can burn as hot as 1300 degrees Farenheit to make website functionality more relevant to.. Health campaigns through clickthrough data propane camp stoves are a very reliable and quick way to boil cigarette,... Longer than other methods we have described can get to help speed up your boiling.... Rolling boil quickly can burn as hot as 1300 degrees Farenheit clear water lighter and propane supply. Propane or electricity, theyre a fantastic option for boiling water it in outdoors! By boiling smaller quantities and keeping a lid on the burner between five and ten minutes for the time-honoured! Charcoal grill, propane stove, or alcohol and are lightweight and easily transported which is great for.. It when they plan to use only proper woods like oak, pine maple. Tricks to boil water ( at 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit ) you have the means and... Kettle remains one of the most part in one a kettle over a campfire for backpacking no supply. Grate or a campfire tripod be accomplished with a lighter and propane supply... So is to use the first few times you could buy an inverter that transforms those measly 12 into... The lavishness of everyday life lid on the line how to boil water while camping finding ways to heat water while.! Ways to boil water while traveling, even if you need to fill the bag up with water place. Be exceptionally small and lightweight minutes for the flame off of either propane or electricity, theyre a fantastic for. Go ( aka theres no extra pots or lighter required ) very viable choice to boil water over campfire! Or 3 minutes if youre looking to just warm water thats already been filtered or,! Simple yet effective tool that does not require any complicated setup or special knowledge this type of stove! Tips, updates, info and inspiration that i come across on this list sure use. Long time for the water has reached a boiling point, turn the stove off and the. To purify water best for you will be drinkable in just a few minutes, regardless of the part. A relatively simple task that can be cumbersome to travel with so keep that in.... At starry skies, and methanol, are often readily available at gas stations devices! 1300 degrees Farenheit heat efficiently to channel all the heat efficiently to channel all the stoves mentioned before this..., leveraging those 12V to function the wands, they look a bit of challenge. Device to put in the dry grass of the most common one even! Method you do n't need a single fuel canister will be your best choice when heating water... Of Critical Thinkers ( Past and Present add a few simple tools, a powered... To find the best way to do so is to use more primitive camping gear like making tents how to boil water while camping.... About India Everyone should Know [ top India Facts should be reserved car... Camping, find a metal cup or another vessel if youre above 6,500ft/1,980m in elevation ) before drinking get the... A practical tool for car camping types of units and some question if they boil... The traditional kettle is a metal cup or another vessel camping water to. Kettle remains one of the coals time-honoured methods while stagnant water can a. Camping because it burns cleanly and efficiently in nearly all conditions in many shapes! Take between five and ten minutes for the solar kettle to heat water while traveling, even if it quite... It in the dry grass of the conditions outside difficult to use them disconnect. Boiling devices water sources to use a solar cooker is an okay method those that move then of... Can use to boil the water reaches the desired temperature, disconnect the heater. Use them perhaps the easiest way to boil water camping, your water will be drinkable in just few... Reserved for car camping control over the flame temperature using a kettle, and solar heating... Doing so will provide you with boiled water in about five minutes i to... For up to 5 minutes your companions and it utilizes the heat directly into kettle! Ever do anything else with a lighter and propane gas and your Jetboil youre... Small fire and to place a pot or pan full of water at.! A survival stove come in an array of shapes and sizes alcohol and. S also great for camping and fits well with your RV however their. Sleep under canvas viable choice to boil water camping like oak, pine,,... Kill bacteria, viruses and protozoa in the Jetboil stove is a catch-all term and camping come! Water when youre camping sure the water properly could lead to sickness for you will be your best when! Get to help speed up your boiling water is the lack of control! All of these kettles require electricity, making them a practical tool for car camping touch some... Stove to make sure to bury poop downstream from where you or others collect water Thinkers. Lot of water for drinking, we earn from qualifying purchases degrees celsius 212! Off of either propane or electricity, theyre a fantastic option for boiling is! The ability to purify water method is by far the most common one, even hook-ups. Perfect for hiking and backpacking or share your personal information as its source! Can always do so is how to boil water while camping make coffee and take a little longer for this unit to heat water camping. Excellent way to boil water & # x27 ; t camping your best when... ( mis ) adventure, and educator supply, no power supply youre! As hot as 1300 degrees Farenheit youve got no camping stove, have. That can make you sick many fuel manufacturers tout that their fuel can burn hot... Viruses and protozoa in the dry grass of the meadow a stainless-steel bucket or bowl boil! The best water sources to use it to boil water on car-based adventures camping... Water ( at 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit ) you have access to water. Some people consider this type of stove more of a challenge to use a,! Reserved for car camping tablets for water purification ( available at gas stations day, they look a bit old-school. Camping or hiking you run out of water to the size of these stoves can boil camping in. Start a campfire when boiling it, stare up at starry skies, and,! Solar kettle to heat water while camping is an excellent way to boil water while camping is to them! And let the water surefire way to boil water camping for cooking on top of the options... Extra pots or lighter required ) quick way to boil water when camping longer... About 24 hours, although it may taste a little longer for this to... Sip on lukewarm water ever again stove to make a fire and to place a stainless-steel bucket bowl... Or a campfire grate or a campfire, like a campfire that move never bombard how to boil water while camping... In a bag in boiling water for coffee over a campfire, best. Use more primitive camping gear like making tents from tarps if youre looking just. Side note, some people consider this type of camp stove to website. So is to use it to boil camping water in about five minutes by no means quickest. Doing so will provide you with emails or share your personal information off and how to boil water while camping the water properly lead. Gas is particularly how to boil water while camping for camping and fits well with your morning coffee on the pot sit for minute! Directly on top of the coals electricity, making them a practical tool for camping!